Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis for the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in waters

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was combined for the first time with NACE-UV for the selective determination of eight fluoroquinolone antibiotics (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sarafloxacin, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin and difloxacin) in mineral and run-of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Electrophoresis 2010-10, Vol.31 (20), p.3457-3465
Main Authors: Herrera-Herrera, Antonio V, Hernández-Borges, Javier, Borges-Miquel, Teresa M, Rodríguez-Delgado, Miguel Á
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Acetonitriles
Ammonium acetate
Anti-Bacterial Agents - analysis
Antibiotics
Calibration
Chemical Fractionation - methods
Computational Biology
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction
Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis, Capillary - methods
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones - analysis
Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis
Optimization
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Solvents
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
Water
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
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Summary:Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was combined for the first time with NACE-UV for the selective determination of eight fluoroquinolone antibiotics (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sarafloxacin, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin and difloxacin) in mineral and run-off waters. Field-enhanced sample injection was carried out in order to improve the sensitivity, whereas pipemidic acid was used as internal standard. The BGE that provided complete separation of the eight analytes and the internal standard was composed of 3 M acetic acid, 49 mM ammonium acetate in 55:45 v/v methanol:ACN. Optimum DLLME conditions (extraction of 5 mL of water at pH 7.6 with 685 μL of CHCl₃ and 1250 μL of ACN, extractant and disperser solvents, respectively) were achieved by means of experimental design methodology. Calibration curves of the whole method were obtained with correlation coefficients (R) higher than 0.994 in all cases. An accuracy and precision study was carried out at different levels of concentration, finding that there were no significant differences (Student's t-test) between real and spiked concentrations.
ISSN:0173-0835
1522-2683
1522-2683
DOI:10.1002/elps.201000285