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Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires
The structural transformations of silicon nanowires when cycled against lithium were evaluated using electrochemical potential spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling. During the charge, the nanowires alloy with lithium to form an amorphous Li x Si compound. At potentials
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| Published in: | Journal of power sources 2009-04, Vol.189 (1), p.34-39 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-a9d4863f1a0cbdf3ff2d5c1d16d29e4726ed17153256deda2cb9ab2d232386653 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-a9d4863f1a0cbdf3ff2d5c1d16d29e4726ed17153256deda2cb9ab2d232386653 |
| container_end_page | 39 |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 34 |
| container_title | Journal of power sources |
| container_volume | 189 |
| creator | Chan, Candace K. Ruffo, Riccardo Hong, Seung Sae Huggins, Robert A. Cui, Yi |
| description | The structural transformations of silicon nanowires when cycled against lithium were evaluated using electrochemical potential spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling. During the charge, the nanowires alloy with lithium to form an amorphous Li
x
Si compound. At potentials |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.047 |
| format | article |
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x
Si compound. At potentials <50
mV, a structural transformation occurs. In studies on micron-sized particles previously reported in the literature, this transformation is a crystallization to a metastable Li
15Si
4 phase. X-ray diffraction measurements on the Si nanowires, however, show that they are amorphous, suggesting that a different amorphous phase (Li
y
Si) is formed. Lithium is removed from this phase in the discharge to form amorphous silicon. We have found that limiting the voltage in the charge to 70
mV results in improved efficiency and cyclability compared to charging to 10
mV. This improvement is due to the suppression of the transformation at low potentials, which alloys for reversible cycling of amorphous silicon nanowires.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-7753</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2755</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.047</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPSODZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Amorphous silicon ; Anode ; Applied sciences ; Charge ; Cycles ; Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation ; Electric potential ; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering ; Electrical power engineering ; Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells ; Energy ; Energy. Thermal use of fuels ; Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fuel cells ; Lithium ; Lithium-ion battery ; Nanowires ; Phase transformation ; Silicon ; Silicon nanowire ; Transformations</subject><ispartof>Journal of power sources, 2009-04, Vol.189 (1), p.34-39</ispartof><rights>2008 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-a9d4863f1a0cbdf3ff2d5c1d16d29e4726ed17153256deda2cb9ab2d232386653</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-a9d4863f1a0cbdf3ff2d5c1d16d29e4726ed17153256deda2cb9ab2d232386653</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,780,784,789,790,23930,23931,25140,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21693731$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chan, Candace K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruffo, Riccardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Seung Sae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huggins, Robert A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Yi</creatorcontrib><title>Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires</title><title>Journal of power sources</title><description>The structural transformations of silicon nanowires when cycled against lithium were evaluated using electrochemical potential spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling. During the charge, the nanowires alloy with lithium to form an amorphous Li
x
Si compound. At potentials <50
mV, a structural transformation occurs. In studies on micron-sized particles previously reported in the literature, this transformation is a crystallization to a metastable Li
15Si
4 phase. X-ray diffraction measurements on the Si nanowires, however, show that they are amorphous, suggesting that a different amorphous phase (Li
y
Si) is formed. Lithium is removed from this phase in the discharge to form amorphous silicon. We have found that limiting the voltage in the charge to 70
mV results in improved efficiency and cyclability compared to charging to 10
mV. This improvement is due to the suppression of the transformation at low potentials, which alloys for reversible cycling of amorphous silicon nanowires.</description><subject>Amorphous silicon</subject><subject>Anode</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Charge</subject><subject>Cycles</subject><subject>Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation</subject><subject>Electric potential</subject><subject>Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering</subject><subject>Electrical power engineering</subject><subject>Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</subject><subject>Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fuel cells</subject><subject>Lithium</subject><subject>Lithium-ion battery</subject><subject>Nanowires</subject><subject>Phase transformation</subject><subject>Silicon</subject><subject>Silicon nanowire</subject><subject>Transformations</subject><issn>0378-7753</issn><issn>1873-2755</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkMFqGzEQhkVpoG7SVyh7KelltxppJe3eGkLSBAw5JOlVyNIsllmvXEkbk7ePjN0c29PPDN_MDx8hX4E2QEH-2DSbXdinMMeGUdo1wBraqg9kAZ3iNVNCfCQLylVXKyX4J_I5pQ2lFEDRBfn9mONs8xzNWJnJVTiizTHYNW69LbuUZ_dahaHKa6wiGpt9mA7z6PPaz9tqX7JKfvS27Cczhb2PmC7I2WDGhF9OeU6eb2-eru_q5cOv--urZW3btsu16V3bST6AoXblBj4MzAkLDqRjPbaKSXSgQHAmpENnmF31ZsUc44x3Ugp-Ti6Pf3cx_JkxZb31yeI4mgnDnHTXS8Z7AbKQ3_9JglTA-lb0B1QeURtDShEHvYt-a-KrBqoPyvVG_1WuD8o1MF2Ul8Nvpw6Tirwhmsn69H7NQPZccSjczyOHRc2Lx6iT9ThZdMWdzdoF_7-qNxSWnII</recordid><startdate>20090401</startdate><enddate>20090401</enddate><creator>Chan, Candace K.</creator><creator>Ruffo, Riccardo</creator><creator>Hong, Seung Sae</creator><creator>Huggins, Robert A.</creator><creator>Cui, Yi</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090401</creationdate><title>Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires</title><author>Chan, Candace K. ; Ruffo, Riccardo ; Hong, Seung Sae ; Huggins, Robert A. ; Cui, Yi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-a9d4863f1a0cbdf3ff2d5c1d16d29e4726ed17153256deda2cb9ab2d232386653</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Amorphous silicon</topic><topic>Anode</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Charge</topic><topic>Cycles</topic><topic>Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation</topic><topic>Electric potential</topic><topic>Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering</topic><topic>Electrical power engineering</topic><topic>Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Energy. Thermal use of fuels</topic><topic>Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Fuel cells</topic><topic>Lithium</topic><topic>Lithium-ion battery</topic><topic>Nanowires</topic><topic>Phase transformation</topic><topic>Silicon</topic><topic>Silicon nanowire</topic><topic>Transformations</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chan, Candace K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruffo, Riccardo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Seung Sae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huggins, Robert A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Yi</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of power sources</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chan, Candace K.</au><au>Ruffo, Riccardo</au><au>Hong, Seung Sae</au><au>Huggins, Robert A.</au><au>Cui, Yi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires</atitle><jtitle>Journal of power sources</jtitle><date>2009-04-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>189</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>34</spage><epage>39</epage><pages>34-39</pages><issn>0378-7753</issn><eissn>1873-2755</eissn><coden>JPSODZ</coden><abstract>The structural transformations of silicon nanowires when cycled against lithium were evaluated using electrochemical potential spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling. During the charge, the nanowires alloy with lithium to form an amorphous Li
x
Si compound. At potentials <50
mV, a structural transformation occurs. In studies on micron-sized particles previously reported in the literature, this transformation is a crystallization to a metastable Li
15Si
4 phase. X-ray diffraction measurements on the Si nanowires, however, show that they are amorphous, suggesting that a different amorphous phase (Li
y
Si) is formed. Lithium is removed from this phase in the discharge to form amorphous silicon. We have found that limiting the voltage in the charge to 70
mV results in improved efficiency and cyclability compared to charging to 10
mV. This improvement is due to the suppression of the transformation at low potentials, which alloys for reversible cycling of amorphous silicon nanowires.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.047</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0378-7753 |
| ispartof | Journal of power sources, 2009-04, Vol.189 (1), p.34-39 |
| issn | 0378-7753 1873-2755 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_896239516 |
| source | ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Amorphous silicon Anode Applied sciences Charge Cycles Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation Electric potential Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering Electrical power engineering Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells Energy Energy. Thermal use of fuels Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc Exact sciences and technology Fuel cells Lithium Lithium-ion battery Nanowires Phase transformation Silicon Silicon nanowire Transformations |
| title | Structural and electrochemical study of the reaction of lithium with silicon nanowires |
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