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Perineal Analgesia With an Ice Pack After Spontaneous Vaginal Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Introduction: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an ice pack applied for 20 minutes to alleviate perineal pain after spontaneous vaginal birth. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial at the Amparo Maternal Birth Center in São Paulo, Brazil. Study participants included 114 nullipa...
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| Published in: | Journal of midwifery & women's health 2011-03, Vol.56 (2), p.141-146 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| container_end_page | 146 |
| container_issue | 2 |
| container_start_page | 141 |
| container_title | Journal of midwifery & women's health |
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| creator | Leventhal, Lucila Coca de Oliveira, Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos Nobre, Moacyr Roberto Cuce da Silva, Flora Maria Barbosa |
| description | Introduction: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an ice pack applied for 20 minutes to alleviate perineal pain after spontaneous vaginal birth.
Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial at the Amparo Maternal Birth Center in São Paulo, Brazil. Study participants included 114 nulliparous women divided into 3 groups (n = 38 per group): experimental (ice packs on the perineum), placebo (water packs at set temperature), and control (no treatment).
Results: A numerical scale (0 to 10) was used for pain assessment. A comparison of the average pain at the beginning and after 20 minutes showed a significant reduction of pain (P < .001) in the 3 groups, and the experimental group had a lower average score for pain compared with the control group (1.6 versus 3.3, P = .032).
Discussion: The use of ice packs for 20 minutes was effective for perineal pain relief after vaginal birth.
The 20‐minute application of an icepack for relief of postpartum perineal pain is effective and has no adverse effects |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1542-2011.2010.00018.x |
| format | article |
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Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial at the Amparo Maternal Birth Center in São Paulo, Brazil. Study participants included 114 nulliparous women divided into 3 groups (n = 38 per group): experimental (ice packs on the perineum), placebo (water packs at set temperature), and control (no treatment).
Results: A numerical scale (0 to 10) was used for pain assessment. A comparison of the average pain at the beginning and after 20 minutes showed a significant reduction of pain (P < .001) in the 3 groups, and the experimental group had a lower average score for pain compared with the control group (1.6 versus 3.3, P = .032).
Discussion: The use of ice packs for 20 minutes was effective for perineal pain relief after vaginal birth.
The 20‐minute application of an icepack for relief of postpartum perineal pain is effective and has no adverse effects</description><identifier>ISSN: 1526-9523</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1542-2011</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-2011.2010.00018.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21429079</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden, USA: Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analgesia ; Analgesia, Obstetrical - methods ; Birthing centers ; Brazil ; Childbirth & labor ; Clinical trials ; cryotherapy ; Effectiveness studies ; Female ; Humans ; Ice ; Nursing ; Pain ; Pain Management ; Pain Measurement ; perineal management ; perineal trauma ; Perineum ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Randomized controlled trials ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Vagina ; Vaginal birth ; Women ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of midwifery & women's health, 2011-03, Vol.56 (2), p.141-146</ispartof><rights>2011 by the American College of Nurse‐Midwives</rights><rights>2011 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.</rights><rights>Copyright Wiley Subscription Services, Inc. Mar/Apr 2011</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Science Ltd. Mar/Apr 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5258-70945e54e73689050ae7a73e4a4a96d872b7200792600e15ad4ce448fc0a499e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5258-70945e54e73689050ae7a73e4a4a96d872b7200792600e15ad4ce448fc0a499e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,30999,31000</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21429079$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Leventhal, Lucila Coca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Oliveira, Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nobre, Moacyr Roberto Cuce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Flora Maria Barbosa</creatorcontrib><title>Perineal Analgesia With an Ice Pack After Spontaneous Vaginal Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial</title><title>Journal of midwifery & women's health</title><addtitle>J Midwifery Womens Health</addtitle><description>Introduction: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an ice pack applied for 20 minutes to alleviate perineal pain after spontaneous vaginal birth.
Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial at the Amparo Maternal Birth Center in São Paulo, Brazil. Study participants included 114 nulliparous women divided into 3 groups (n = 38 per group): experimental (ice packs on the perineum), placebo (water packs at set temperature), and control (no treatment).
Results: A numerical scale (0 to 10) was used for pain assessment. A comparison of the average pain at the beginning and after 20 minutes showed a significant reduction of pain (P < .001) in the 3 groups, and the experimental group had a lower average score for pain compared with the control group (1.6 versus 3.3, P = .032).
Discussion: The use of ice packs for 20 minutes was effective for perineal pain relief after vaginal birth.
The 20‐minute application of an icepack for relief of postpartum perineal pain is effective and has no adverse effects</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analgesia</subject><subject>Analgesia, Obstetrical - methods</subject><subject>Birthing centers</subject><subject>Brazil</subject><subject>Childbirth & labor</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>cryotherapy</subject><subject>Effectiveness studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Ice</subject><subject>Nursing</subject><subject>Pain</subject><subject>Pain Management</subject><subject>Pain Measurement</subject><subject>perineal management</subject><subject>perineal trauma</subject><subject>Perineum</subject><subject>Postpartum Period</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Randomized controlled trials</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Vagina</subject><subject>Vaginal birth</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1526-9523</issn><issn>1542-2011</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkk2P0zAQhiMEYpeFv4AsOMAlwZ-xjbiUCtpFBQoUerTcZLrrrpsUOxVdfj0OWXpA4sOH8Uh-3pmR38kyRHBB0nm2KYjgNKeYkCIFXGCMiSoOt7LT48PtPqdlrgVlJ9m9GDeJkVjju9kJJZxqLPVptppDcA1Yj0aN9RcQnUVL110i26DzCtDcVldotO4goE-7tulsA-0-oi_2wiUevXShu3yORuijbep2675DjcYJC633KV0EZ_397M7a-ggPbu6z7PPrV4vxNJ-9n5yPR7O8ElSoPI3GBQgOkpVKY4EtSCsZcMutLmsl6UpSnIamJcZAhK15BZyrdYUt1xrYWfZkqLsL7dc9xM5sXazA-2Fmo3SpFBWE_5sUSqajaCKf_pUkmDKsiShZQh_9hm7afUifFI1O5pRMKZygx3-CKGeScSWFSJQaqCq0MQZYm11wWxuuUz_TL4DZmN5n0_vcB2x-LoA5JOnDmwb71Rbqo_CX4wl4MQDfnIfr_y5s3rxdTolK8nyQu9jB4Si34cqUkklhlu8mZjGbzKd0Js0H9gMlDckb</recordid><startdate>201103</startdate><enddate>201103</enddate><creator>Leventhal, Lucila Coca</creator><creator>de Oliveira, Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos</creator><creator>Nobre, Moacyr Roberto Cuce</creator><creator>da Silva, Flora Maria Barbosa</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>ASE</scope><scope>FPQ</scope><scope>K6X</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201103</creationdate><title>Perineal Analgesia With an Ice Pack After Spontaneous Vaginal Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial</title><author>Leventhal, Lucila Coca ; de Oliveira, Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos ; Nobre, Moacyr Roberto Cuce ; da Silva, Flora Maria Barbosa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5258-70945e54e73689050ae7a73e4a4a96d872b7200792600e15ad4ce448fc0a499e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Analgesia</topic><topic>Analgesia, Obstetrical - methods</topic><topic>Birthing centers</topic><topic>Brazil</topic><topic>Childbirth & labor</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>cryotherapy</topic><topic>Effectiveness studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Ice</topic><topic>Nursing</topic><topic>Pain</topic><topic>Pain Management</topic><topic>Pain Measurement</topic><topic>perineal management</topic><topic>perineal trauma</topic><topic>Perineum</topic><topic>Postpartum Period</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Randomized controlled trials</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Vagina</topic><topic>Vaginal birth</topic><topic>Women</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Leventhal, Lucila Coca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Oliveira, Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nobre, Moacyr Roberto Cuce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Flora Maria Barbosa</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>British Nursing Index (BNI) (1985 to Present)</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of midwifery & women's health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Leventhal, Lucila Coca</au><au>de Oliveira, Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos</au><au>Nobre, Moacyr Roberto Cuce</au><au>da Silva, Flora Maria Barbosa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Perineal Analgesia With an Ice Pack After Spontaneous Vaginal Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial</atitle><jtitle>Journal of midwifery & women's health</jtitle><addtitle>J Midwifery Womens Health</addtitle><date>2011-03</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>141</spage><epage>146</epage><pages>141-146</pages><issn>1526-9523</issn><eissn>1542-2011</eissn><abstract>Introduction: This study evaluated the effectiveness of an ice pack applied for 20 minutes to alleviate perineal pain after spontaneous vaginal birth.
Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial at the Amparo Maternal Birth Center in São Paulo, Brazil. Study participants included 114 nulliparous women divided into 3 groups (n = 38 per group): experimental (ice packs on the perineum), placebo (water packs at set temperature), and control (no treatment).
Results: A numerical scale (0 to 10) was used for pain assessment. A comparison of the average pain at the beginning and after 20 minutes showed a significant reduction of pain (P < .001) in the 3 groups, and the experimental group had a lower average score for pain compared with the control group (1.6 versus 3.3, P = .032).
Discussion: The use of ice packs for 20 minutes was effective for perineal pain relief after vaginal birth.
The 20‐minute application of an icepack for relief of postpartum perineal pain is effective and has no adverse effects</abstract><cop>Malden, USA</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Inc</pub><pmid>21429079</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1542-2011.2010.00018.x</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of midwifery & women's health, 2011-03, Vol.56 (2), p.141-146 |
| issn | 1526-9523 1542-2011 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); Wiley:Jisc Collections:Wiley Read and Publish Open Access 2024-2025 (reading list) |
| subjects | Adult Analgesia Analgesia, Obstetrical - methods Birthing centers Brazil Childbirth & labor Clinical trials cryotherapy Effectiveness studies Female Humans Ice Nursing Pain Pain Management Pain Measurement perineal management perineal trauma Perineum Postpartum Period Pregnancy Randomized controlled trials Time Factors Treatment Outcome Vagina Vaginal birth Women Young Adult |
| title | Perineal Analgesia With an Ice Pack After Spontaneous Vaginal Birth: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
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