Penetration in spot GTA welds during centrifugation

Convective flow during arc welding processes mainly depends on electromagnetic force, Marangoni force, and buoyancy force. The Marangoni flow (caused by surface tension gradient, d gamma /dT) and the buoyancy driven flow are the major factors in controlling weld penetration in austenitic stainless s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials engineering and performance 1998-10, Vol.7 (5), p.597-600
Main Authors: AIDUN, D. K, MARTIN, S. A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acceleration
Applied sciences
Arc spot welding
Austenitic stainless steels
Buoyancy
Exact sciences and technology
Gas tungsten arc welding
Joining, thermal cutting: metallurgical aspects
Metals. Metallurgy
Penetration
Welded joints
Welding
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Summary:Convective flow during arc welding processes mainly depends on electromagnetic force, Marangoni force, and buoyancy force. The Marangoni flow (caused by surface tension gradient, d gamma /dT) and the buoyancy driven flow are the major factors in controlling weld penetration in austenitic stainless steels, such as types 304 and 316. Alloys 304 and 316 were subjected to a 7 s spot gas-tungsten arc (SGTA) welding at 1 g (g=9.8 m/s exp 2 ) and 5 g accelerations. The welds at 5 g were performed on Clarkson University's multigravity research welding system (MGRWS). The cross sections of the fusion zones were polished/etched, and their depth (D) and width (W) were measured to plus/minus0.025 mm. It was determined that the depth/width ratio (D/W) of the welds decreased as the acceleration increased from 1-5 g. This result indicates that increase in buoyancy driven flow will produce wider but shallower welds during SGTA welding.
ISSN:1059-9495
1544-1024
DOI:10.1361/105994998770347431