Genetic variability and diversification process in local pear cultivars from northwestern Spain using microsatellites

This is the first known large-scale molecular study of simple sequence repeats loci based on pear cultivars from the northwestern Iberian Peninsula. Most of the Spanish pear crop (one of the largest in Europe) is based on the Spanish cultivar Blanquilla and various other foreign cultivars. However,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tree genetics & genomes 2011-10, Vol.7 (5), p.1041-1056
Main Authors: Ferreira dos Santos, Allívia Rouse, Ramos-Cabrer, Ana M, Díaz-Hernández, M Belen, Pereira-Lorenzo, Santiago
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
18th century
analysis of variance
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Cultivars
Diversification
Forestry
Fruits
genetic variation
Genomes
genotype
Genotypes
Germplasm
introgression
Life Sciences
loci
microsatellite repeats
orchards
Original Paper
pears
Plant Breeding/Biotechnology
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Pyrus
Tree Biology
Variance analysis
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Summary:This is the first known large-scale molecular study of simple sequence repeats loci based on pear cultivars from the northwestern Iberian Peninsula. Most of the Spanish pear crop (one of the largest in Europe) is based on the Spanish cultivar Blanquilla and various other foreign cultivars. However, local cultivars can still be found in old orchards in northwestern Spain. Between 1978 and 1981, the Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo (Xunta de Galicia) established a Germplasm Bank of local pear cultivars containing 221 accessions. In the current study, these were analysed and compared with 20 commercial cultivars of Pyrus spp. using 19 microsatellites. We identified 127 genotypes out of 221 accessions with an average of 43% clonality in this collection. Genotypes were analysed using a model-based Bayesian procedure (Structure), factorial correspondence analysis and molecular variance analysis, and Jaccard coefficients were estimated. Four reconstructed populations were identified by Structure, one related to Asian cultivars, two to French and English cultivars and one to Galician cultivars. The four identified groups of pears had evolved independently. This study explains the diversification process in pear cultivars from northwestern cultivars based on hybridization (16%), selection of triploids (38%) and the introgression of commercial cultivars in the collection (4%).
ISSN:1614-2942
1614-2950
DOI:10.1007/s11295-011-0393-3