Thermoplastic natural rubber based on polyamide-12: Influence of blending technique and type of rubber on temperature scanning stress relaxation and other related properties

Thermoplastic natural rubber based on polyamide‐12 (PA‐12) blend was prepared by melt blending technique. Influence of blending techniques (i.e., simple blend and dynamic vulcanization) and types of natural rubber (i.e., unmodified natural rubber (NR) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)) on properti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied polymer science 2011-07, Vol.121 (2), p.805-814
Main Authors: Narathichat, M., Kummerlöwe, C., Vennemann, N., Nakason, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Blends
Dynamics
epoxidized natural rubber
Exact sciences and technology
Materials science
Morphology
Natural polymers
Natural rubber
Physicochemistry of polymers
polyamide-12
Polymers
Rubber
simple blend
Stress relaxation
thermoplastic natural rubber
Vulcanization
Vulcanizing
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Summary:Thermoplastic natural rubber based on polyamide‐12 (PA‐12) blend was prepared by melt blending technique. Influence of blending techniques (i.e., simple blend and dynamic vulcanization) and types of natural rubber (i.e., unmodified natural rubber (NR) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)) on properties of the blends were investigated. It was found that the simple blends with the proportion of rubber ∼ 60 wt % exhibited cocontinuous phase structure while the dynamically cured blends showed dispersed morphology. Furthermore, the blend of ENR exhibited superior mechanical properties, stress relaxation behavior, and fine grain morphology than those of the blend of the unmodified NR. This is attributed to chemical interaction between oxirane groups in ENR molecules and polar functional groups in PA‐12 molecules which caused higher interfacial adhesion. It was also found that the dynamic vulcanization caused enhancement of strength and hardness properties. Temperature scanning stress relaxation measurement revealed improvement of stress relaxation properties and thermal resistance of the dynamically cured ENR/PA‐12 blend. This is attributed to synergistic effects of dynamic vulcanization of ENR and chemical reaction of the ENR and PA‐12 molecules. Furthermore, the dynamically cured ENR/PA‐12 blend exhibited smaller rubber particles dispersed in the PA‐12 matrix. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
ISSN:0021-8995
1097-4628
1097-4628
DOI:10.1002/app.33528