Evaluation of the anti-pyretic potential of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth standardized extract

• Published in: Inflammopharmacology 2009-02, Vol.17 (1), p.50-54
• Main Authors: Yam, M. F., Ang, L. F., Basir, R., Salman, I. M., Ameer, O. Z., Asmawi, M. Z.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetaminophen - pharmacology; Allergology; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - administration & dosage; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - isolation & purification; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic - toxicity; Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Body Temperature - drug effects; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dermatology; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Fever - drug therapy; Gastroenterology; Immunology; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Orthosiphon - chemistry; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Plant Extracts - administration & dosage; Plant Extracts - toxicity; Plant Leaves; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rheumatology; Short Communication; Time Factors; Toxicity Tests, Acute
• ISSN: 0925-4692; 1568-5608
• DOI: 10.1007/s10787-008-8038-3

. The anti-pyretic activity of a standardized methanol/water (50/50) extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. (SEOS) was investigated for its effect on normal body temperature and yeast-induced pyrexia in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The SEOS showed no effect on normal body temperature. Doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of SEOS significantly reduced the yeast-induced elevation in body temperature. This effect persisted up to 4 h following the administration of the extract. The anti-pyretic effect of SEOS was comparable with that of paracetamol (acetaminophen in U.S) (150 mg/kg p.o.), a standard anti-pyretic agent. HPLC study revealed that rosmarinic acid, sinensetin, eupatorin and tetramethoxyflavone were present in SEOS in the amounts of 7.58 %, 0.2 %, 0.34 % and 0.24 % respectively. The LD 50 of the extract in rats was higher than 5000 mg/kg body weight. Therefore, the present study ascertained that SEOS possesses a significant anti-pyretic activity.