Growth maximization in early sardine larvae: a metabolic approach

Sardine larvae are forced to grow as fast as possible to reduce larval mortality. Thus, changes in biochemical composition during the first steps of sardine larval growth are intended to maximize larval growth rate efficiency and survival. Protein and RNA weight-specific growth rates were the highes...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine biology 2011-05, Vol.158 (5), p.1135-1148
Main Authors: Díaz, E., Txurruka, J. M., Villate, F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biochemical composition
Biological and medical sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Energy reserves
Environmental conditions
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Growth rate
Larvae
Larval development
Life Sciences
Marine
Marine & Freshwater Sciences
Marine biology
Metabolism
Metamorphosis
Microbiology
Mortality
Oceanography
Original Paper
Physiological aspects
Sardines
Sardinops
Sea water ecosystems
Studies
Synecology
Zoology
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Summary:Sardine larvae are forced to grow as fast as possible to reduce larval mortality. Thus, changes in biochemical composition during the first steps of sardine larval growth are intended to maximize larval growth rate efficiency and survival. Protein and RNA weight-specific growth rates were the highest and their corresponding doubling times the shortest among all the biomolecules, reflecting the importance of fast growth during early stages of larval development. The protein percentage increased and the carbohydrate and lipid percentages decreased during early growth until they reached, respectively, a percentage of 73.7, 3.1 and 18.0%. These percentages would represent the optimal proportion of biochemical components in sardine early larvae and they are the result of the trade-off between, in the short term, the protein proportion necessary to optimize larval movement and growth and, in the long term, the minimum lipid percentage necessary to guarantee energy reserves to fuel metamorphosis. RNA/DNA ratio increases during larval growth up to an asymptotic optimal value of ≈3.5 in postflexion larvae. Nutritional condition of sardine larvae was good and was influenced by the parental effect through the egg biochemical composition and by the growth trajectory determined by the actual environmental conditions.
ISSN:0025-3162
1432-1793
DOI:10.1007/s00227-011-1636-4