Classifying echinoid skeleton models: testing ideas about growth and form

Theoretical morphology is the scientific field in which researchers model organism growth and form. The field is developed well in studies on skeletons, especially shells. Researchers have contributed echinoid skeleton models to the field, but these have yet to be recognized collectively. We present...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Paleobiology 2011-09, Vol.37 (4), p.686-695
Main Authors: Abou Chakra, Maria, Stone, Jon Rich
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological taxonomies
Biostratigraphy
cladistics
classification
Computational modeling
Echinodermata
Echinoida
Echinoidea
Echinozoa
Epiphyses
Genomes
growth
Invertebrata
invertebrate
Mathematical growth
Modeling
morphology
Ontogeny
Organisms
Paleobiology
Paleontology
Phylogenetics
R&D
Research & development
s
Science
Sea urchins
Skeleton
tests
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Summary:Theoretical morphology is the scientific field in which researchers model organism growth and form. The field is developed well in studies on skeletons, especially shells. Researchers have contributed echinoid skeleton models to the field, but these have yet to be recognized collectively. We present herein the first comprehensive review for echinoid skeleton models in theoretical morphology. We apply a phylogenetic systematic analysis to those models, use the resulting consensus cladogram to classify and interrelate the models in an analogy in which they are likened to fossil specimens in a biostratigraphic record, and utilize the biostratigraphic metaphor to define trends within theoretical morphology as it applies to echinoid skeleton models.
ISSN:0094-8373
1938-5331
DOI:10.1666/10012.1