Twin Matter Waves for Interferometry Beyond the Classical Limit

Interferometers with atomic ensembles are an integral part of modern precision metrology. However, these interferometers are fundamentally restricted by the shot noise limit, which can only be overcome by creating quantum entanglement among the atoms. We used spin dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2011-11, Vol.334 (6057), p.773-776
Main Authors: Lücke, B., Scherer, M., Kruse, J., Pezzé, L., Deuretzbacher, F., Hyllus, P., Topic, O., Peise, J., Ertmer, W., Arlt, J., Santos, L., Smerzi, A., Klempt, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atoms
Beam splitting
Bose-Einstein condensates
Geometric lines
Integrals
Interferometers
Interferometry
Matter waves
Metrology
Noise measurement
Quantum entanglement
Shot noise
Spin dynamics
Standard deviation
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Summary:Interferometers with atomic ensembles are an integral part of modern precision metrology. However, these interferometers are fundamentally restricted by the shot noise limit, which can only be overcome by creating quantum entanglement among the atoms. We used spin dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates to create large ensembles of up to 10⁴ pair-correlated atoms with an interferometric sensitivity $ - 1.61_{ - 1.1}^{ + 0.98}$ decibels beyond the shot noise limit. Our proof-of-principle results point the way toward a new generation of atom interferometers.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.1208798