Differentiating size-dependent responses of juvenile pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) to sea lice ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infections

Salmon infected with an ectoparasitic marine copepod, the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis, incur a wide variety of consequences depending upon host sensitivity. Juvenile pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) migrate from natal freshwater systems to the ocean at a young age relative to other Pac...

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Published in:Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics & proteomics Genomics & proteomics, 2011-06, Vol.6 (2), p.213-223
Main Authors: Sutherland, Ben J.G., Jantzen, Stuart G., Sanderson, Dan S., Koop, Ben F., Jones, Simon R.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Body Size
Cell Proliferation
Conservation
Copepoda
Copepoda - physiology
Development
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation
Host-Parasite Interactions
Immune system
Immunity, Innate
Inflammation
Lepeophtheirus salmonis
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Pink salmon
Salmon - genetics
Salmon - growth & development
Salmon - immunology
Salmon - parasitology
Sea lice
Transcriptomics
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Summary:Salmon infected with an ectoparasitic marine copepod, the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis, incur a wide variety of consequences depending upon host sensitivity. Juvenile pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) migrate from natal freshwater systems to the ocean at a young age relative to other Pacific salmon, and require rapid development of appropriate defenses against marine pathogens. We analyzed the early transcriptomic responses of naïve juvenile pink salmon of sizes 0.3 g (no scales), 0.7 g (mid-scale development) and 2.4 g (scales fully developed) six days after a low-level laboratory exposure to L. salmonis copepodids. All infected size groups exhibited unique transcriptional profiles. Inflammation and inhibition of cell proliferation was identified in the smallest size class (0.3 g), while increased glucose absorption and retention was identified in the middle size class (0.7 g). Tissue-remodeling genes were also up-regulated in both the 0.3 g and 0.7 g size groups. Profiles of the 2.4 g size class indicated cell-mediated immunity and possibly parasite-induced growth augmentation. Understanding a size-based threshold of resistance to L. salmonis is important for fisheries management. This work characterizes molecular responses reflecting the gradual development of innate immunity to L. salmonis between the susceptible (0.3 g) and refractory (2.4 g) pink salmon size classes.
ISSN:1744-117X
1878-0407
DOI:10.1016/j.cbd.2011.04.001