The evolution of chloroplast genes and genomes in ferns

Most of the publicly available data on chloroplast (plastid) genes and genomes come from seed plants, with relatively little information from their sister group, the ferns. Here we describe several broad evolutionary patterns and processes in fern plastid genomes (plastomes), and we include some new...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant molecular biology 2011-07, Vol.76 (3-5), p.251-261
Main Authors: Wolf, Paul G., Der, Joshua P., Duffy, Aaron M., Davidson, Jacob B., Grusz, Amanda L., Pryer, Kathleen M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts - genetics
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary biology
Ferns
Ferns - classification
Ferns - genetics
Genes, Plant
Genomes
Life Sciences
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plant biology
Plant Pathology
Plant Sciences
Plastids
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Summary:Most of the publicly available data on chloroplast (plastid) genes and genomes come from seed plants, with relatively little information from their sister group, the ferns. Here we describe several broad evolutionary patterns and processes in fern plastid genomes (plastomes), and we include some new plastome sequence data. We review what we know about the evolutionary history of plastome structure across the fern phylogeny and we compare plastome organization and patterns of evolution in ferns to those in seed plants. A large clade of ferns is characterized by a plastome that has been reorganized with respect to the ancestral gene order (a similar order that is ancestral in seed plants). We review the sequence of inversions that gave rise to this organization. We also explore global nucleotide substitution patterns in ferns versus those found in seed plants across plastid genes, and we review the high levels of RNA editing observed in fern plastomes.
ISSN:0167-4412
1573-5028
DOI:10.1007/s11103-010-9706-4