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Stimulating β-Cell Replication and Improving Islet Graft Function by AR231453, A gpr119 Agonist
G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) is predominantly expressed in β cells and intestinal L cells. AR231453 is a selective small-molecular GPR119 agonist that enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) release. We investigated whether AR231453 can directly st...
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Published in: | Transplantation proceedings 2011-11, Vol.43 (9), p.3217-3220 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) is predominantly expressed in β cells and intestinal L cells.
AR231453 is a selective small-molecular GPR119 agonist that enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) release. We investigated whether
AR231453 can directly stimulate β-cell replication and improve islet graft function in diabetic mice.
A total of 100 syngenic C57BL/6 mouse islets were transplanted under the left kidney of each chemically induced diabetic C57BL/6 mouse. Starting from the day of transplantation, these recipients were given bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) daily with or without
AR231453 at 10 mg/kg/d. Islet graft function was monitored by measuring blood glucose levels. At 4 weeks, left nephrectomy was performed to remove the kidney bearing the islet grafts to determine β-cell replication in the islet grafts. Insulin and BrdU immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect replicated β cells. Insulin
+ and BrdU
+ β cells in islet grafts were counted using a confocal microscope. To determine whether
AR231453 increases plasma GLP-1 levels, we collected plasma from
AR231453 treated mice at 30 minutes after treatment and measured plasma active GLP-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Although all recipient mice achieved normoglycemia at 28 days with or without treatment, normoglycemia was achieved in significantly fewer days in
AR231453-treated mice. The vehicle-treated mice achieved normoglycemia in 16 ± 6 days, while
AR231453-treated mice only required only 8 ± 3 days (
P < .01). The percentage of insulin
+ and BrdU
+ β cells in islet grafts was significantly higher in
AR231453-treated mice than in vehicle-treated mice. The mean percentage of insulin
+ and BrdU
+ β cells in islet grafts was 21.5% ± 6.9% in
AR231453-treated mice and 5.6% ± 3.7% in vehicle-treated mice (
P < .01). The plasma active GLP-1 levels were also significantly higher in
AR231453-treated mice than in vehicle-treated mice (
P < .05).
Our data demonstrate that
AR231453, a GPR119 agonist, can stimulate β-cell replication and improve islet graft function. |
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ISSN: | 0041-1345 1873-2623 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.10.021 |