Neonatal outcome of macrosomic infants: an analysis of a two-year period

• Published in: European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology 2011-12, Vol.159 (2), p.289-292
• Main Authors: Gyurkovits, Zita, Kálló, Karola, Bakki, Judit, Katona, Márta, Bitó, Tamás, Pál, Attila, Orvos, Hajnalka
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adrenal Gland Diseases - congenital; Adrenal Gland Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Adrenal Gland Diseases - etiology; Adrenal haemorrhage; Biological and medical sciences; Birth Injuries - etiology; Birth Weight; Caesarean section; Cesarean Section; Clavicle - injuries; Diabetes, Gestational - physiopathology; Diseases of mother, fetus and pregnancy; Female; Fetal Macrosomia - epidemiology; Fetal Macrosomia - etiology; Fetal Macrosomia - physiopathology; Fractures, Bone - congenital; Fractures, Bone - etiology; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Hemorrhage - congenital; Hemorrhage - diagnostic imaging; Hemorrhage - etiology; Humans; Hungary - epidemiology; Hypoglycaemia; Hypoglycemia - congenital; Hypoglycemia - etiology; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care, Neonatal; Jaundice, Neonatal - etiology; Macrosomia; Male; Medical sciences; Neonatal outcome; Obstetrics and Gynecology; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Diabetics - physiopathology; Pregnancy. Fetus. Placenta; Retrospective Studies; Sex Distribution; Ultrasonography
• ISSN: 0301-2115; 1872-7654
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.08.003

Abstract Objective To assess the neonatal outcome of macrosomic neonates in uncomplicated, singleton, term deliveries. Study design A retrospective analysis was performed on 5738 live-born term neonates born in the period 2008–2009. The neonatal outcomes were compared between two birth weight (BW) groups: the macrosomic neonates born with BW ≥ 4000 g and a control group: 2500–3999 g. There were 410 (7.1%) neonates in the macrosomic group, 4757 (82.9%) in the control group, while 571 (10.0%) were less than 2500 g at birth. A correlation analysis of two subgroups of the macrosomic neonates (4000–4499 g vs. ≥4500 g) was also carried out. Results The rate of caesarean section (CS) was significantly higher in the macrosomic group as compared with the control group (49.3% vs. 39.9%), as were the prevalences of hypoglycaemia (6.1% vs. 2.9%), adrenal haemorrhage (0.98% vs. 0.15%) and the male to female ratio (2.15 vs. 0.95). The rate of icterus was significantly higher in the control group (30.4% vs. 18.5%). The macrosomic subgroups were similar in many aspects, but we found significantly more neonates in the higher weight subgroup as regards a low Apgar score, clavicle fracture and the need for intensive care. Conclusions The macrosomic infants were born in good general condition, although those with BW ≥4500 g more frequently had an adverse outcome. The macrosomic and control groups’ data revealed significant differences in the rate of CS, the male to female ratio, hypoglycaemia and adrenal haemorrhage.