Jumping to conclusions in psychosis: A faulty appraisal

Abstract Schizophrenia patients, particularly those with current delusions, show a cognitive bias known as jumping to conclusions, defined as a decision made quickly on the basis of little evidence. The aim of this work was to examine the underlying mechanisms of this cognitive bias by means of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Schizophrenia research 2011-12, Vol.133 (1), p.199-204
Main Authors: Rubio, José Luis, Ruiz-Veguilla, Miguel, Hernández, Laureno, Barrigón, María Luisa, Salcedo, María Dolores, Moreno, Josefa María, Gómez, Emilio, Moritz, Steffen, Ferrín, Maite
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Attention - physiology
Bias
Biological and medical sciences
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis
Cognition Disorders - etiology
Decision Making
Emotions
Faulty appraisal
Female
Humans
Jumping to conclusions
Male
Medical sciences
Neuropsychological Tests
Photic Stimulation
Pictures to decision task
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Psychoses
Psychotic Disorders - complications
Psychotic Disorders - psychology
Recognition (Psychology) - physiology
Schizophrenia
Siblings - psychology
Statistics as Topic
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Schizophrenia patients, particularly those with current delusions, show a cognitive bias known as jumping to conclusions, defined as a decision made quickly on the basis of little evidence. The aim of this work was to examine the underlying mechanisms of this cognitive bias by means of the Picture To Decision Task, which allows one to analyse the effect of the context on decisions made. We compared the performance of this task by 42 psychotic patients, 21 siblings of these patients and 77 controls. The results of the current study suggest that, relative to siblings and controls, patients display a general tendency to jump to conclusions, characterised by overestimating the conviction in their choices at the beginning of the decision process and by a lowered threshold for making decisions in ambiguous contexts, where a greater amount of information is required. These results are interpreted in terms of faulty appraisal, which would be the first mechanism responsible for the Jumping To Conclusions bias. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
ISSN:0920-9964
1573-2509
DOI:10.1016/j.schres.2011.08.008