Heritability of optic disc diameters: a twin study

. Purpose:  To assess the relative influence of genetic and environmental factors on optic disc size and cup/disc ratio in healthy eyes. Methods:  A sample of 55 monozygotic and 50 dizygotic healthy twin pairs aged 20–46, all having the same sex within pairs (47 pairs were male) had optic discs meas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta ophthalmologica (Oxford, England) England), 2011-03, Vol.89 (2), p.e193-e198
Main Authors: Drobnjak, Dragana, Taarnhøj, Nina C. B. B., Mitchell, Paul, Wang, Jie J., Tan, Ava, Kessel, Line, Hougaard, Jesper L., Sørensen, Thorkild I. A., Larsen, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age
Blood Pressure
Body Weights and Measures
dimensions
environment
Environmental effects
Environmental factors
Female
Genetic factors
Heritability
Humans
Male
Mathematical models
Middle Aged
Models, Genetic
optic disc
Optic Disk - anatomy & histology
Optics
Phenotype
Quantitative Trait, Heritable
Reference Values
Registries
Sex
Twins
Twins, Dizygotic - genetics
Twins, Monozygotic - genetics
Young Adult
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Summary:. Purpose:  To assess the relative influence of genetic and environmental factors on optic disc size and cup/disc ratio in healthy eyes. Methods:  A sample of 55 monozygotic and 50 dizygotic healthy twin pairs aged 20–46, all having the same sex within pairs (47 pairs were male) had optic discs measured from colour fundus photographs according to the Wisconsin Protocol. Structural equation modelling was used to estimate the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the phenotype. Results:  Disc dimensions did not vary significantly by age or sex. After adjusting for age and sex, additive genetic factors (i.e. heritability) explained 77% (95% CI: 65–85%) of variation of vertical disc diameters, whereas estimated unshared environmental effect was 23% (95% CI: 15–35%). For vertical cup diameters, heritability accounted for 70% (95% CI: 55–80%) and environmental factors 30% (95% CI: 20–45%). For cup/disc ratio, additive genetic and unshared environmental factors explained 66% (95% CI: 48–77%) and 34% (95% CI: 23–52%) of the variations, respectively. Discussion:  In this healthy twin sample, we found that three quarters of the variations in vertical optic disc and optic cup diameters were attributable to genetic influence.
ISSN:1755-375X
1755-3768
DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.01923.x