Ligand exchange chromatography: a vital dimension for the reliable characterization of heterocycles in crude oils and refined products

In the present study, we established a statistical distribution pattern of indigenous sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen species in Arabian Heavy crude oil and its distilled fractions: naphtha, gas oil, and vacuum gas oil (VGO) using chemical derivatization with methyl iodide and subsequent characterizati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2011-05, Vol.400 (5), p.1231-1239
Main Authors: Panda, Saroj K., Al-Hajji, Adnan A., Müller, Hendrik, Koseoglu, Omer R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical Chemistry
Biochemistry
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chromatography
Crude oil
Distillation
Food Science
Gas oil
Laboratory Medicine
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Naphtha
Original Paper
Phenols
Silicon dioxide
Sulfur
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Summary:In the present study, we established a statistical distribution pattern of indigenous sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen species in Arabian Heavy crude oil and its distilled fractions: naphtha, gas oil, and vacuum gas oil (VGO) using chemical derivatization with methyl iodide and subsequent characterization by positive electrospray Fourier transform mass spectrometry. It was observed that sulfur species for naphtha and gas oil were accumulated at lower double bond equivalent values and at lower carbon numbers compared to VGO, whereas crude oil encompassed a complete range of the sulfur species detected in all distilled fractions. Moreover, the use of alumina column chromatography and ligand exchange chromatography (LEC) on a palladium-bonded silica stationary phase revealed additional structural features of sulfur heterocycles in terms of condensed and non-condensed thiophenes. During LEC separation, in addition to sulfur heterocycles, interesting results were obtained for oxygen-containing compounds. Ortho-substituted alkyl phenols were separated from meta- and para-substituted alkyl phenols on a palladium-bonded silica stationary phase.
ISSN:1618-2642
1618-2650
DOI:10.1007/s00216-010-4576-9