The role of naïve T-cells in HIV-1 pathogenesis: An emerging key player

• Published in: Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Fla.), 2011-12, Vol.141 (3), p.253-267
• Main Authors: Khoury, Gabriela, Rajasuriar, Reena, Cameron, Paul U, Lewin, Sharon R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Allergy and Immunology; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; Antiretroviral therapy; Biological and medical sciences; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - virology; Chemokines - immunology; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Dendritic Cells - virology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - immunology; HIV Infections - virology; HIV-1; HIV-1 - immunology; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human viral diseases; Humans; IL-7; Immune reconstitution; Immunodeficiencies; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunopathology; Infectious diseases; Interleukin-2 - immunology; Interleukin-2 - therapeutic use; Interleukin-7 - immunology; Interleukin-7 - therapeutic use; Medical sciences; Mice; Naïve T-cells; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - immunology; Receptors, Interleukin-7 - immunology; Reservoirs; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
• ISSN: 1521-6616; 1521-7035
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.09.002

Abstract Functional naïve T-cells are critical for an effective immune response to multiple pathogens. HIV leads to a significant reduction in CD4+ naïve T-cell number and impaired function and there is incomplete recovery following combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Here we review the basic homeostatic mechanisms that maintain naïve CD4+ T-cells and discuss recent developments in understanding the impact of HIV infection on naïve CD4+ T-cells. Finally we review therapeutic interventions in HIV-infected individuals aimed at specifically enhancing recovery of naïve CD4+ T-cells.