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Engineering of adult human neural stem cells differentiation through surface micropatterning

Abstract Interaction between differentiating neural stem cells and the extracellular environment guides the establishment of cell polarity during nervous system development. Developing neurons read the physical properties of the local substrate in a contact-dependent manner and retrieve essential gu...

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Published in:Biomaterials 2012-01, Vol.33 (2), p.504-514
Main Authors: Béduer, Amélie, Vieu, Christophe, Arnauduc, Florent, Sol, Jean-Christophe, Loubinoux, Isabelle, Vaysse, Laurence
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c532t-a40a6225711bd52f8df14770f3c91abd3c8aecfaa244ee4eb345da57dac64aa53
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c532t-a40a6225711bd52f8df14770f3c91abd3c8aecfaa244ee4eb345da57dac64aa53
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creator Béduer, Amélie
Vieu, Christophe
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description Abstract Interaction between differentiating neural stem cells and the extracellular environment guides the establishment of cell polarity during nervous system development. Developing neurons read the physical properties of the local substrate in a contact-dependent manner and retrieve essential guidance cues. To restore damage brain area by tissue engineering, the biomaterial scaffold has to mimic this microenvironment to allow organized tissue regeneration. To establish the validity of using microgrooved surfaces in order to simultaneously provide to primary adult human neural stem cells a permissive growth environment and a guide for neurite outgrowth in a pre-established direction, we have studied the long-term culture of adult human neural stem cells from patient biopsies on microgrooved polymers. By exploiting polymer moulding techniques, we engineered non-cytotoxic deep microstructured surfaces of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) exhibiting microchannels of various widths. Our results demonstrate that precoated micropatterned PDMS surfaces can serve as effective neurite guidance surfaces for human neural stem cells. Immunocytochemistry analysis show that channel width can impact strongly development and differentiation. In particular we found an optimal microchannel width, that conciliates a high differentiation rate with a pronounced alignment of neurites along the edges of the microchannels. The impact of the microstructures on neurite orientation turned out to be strongly influenced by cell density, attesting that cell/surface interactions at the origin of the alignment effect, are in competition with cell/cell interactions tending to promote interconnected networks of cells. Considering all these effects, we have been able to design appropriate structures allowing to obtain neuron development and differentiation rate comparable to a plane unpatterned surface, with an efficient neurite guidance and a long-term cell viability.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.073
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subjects Adult human neural stem cells
Adult Stem Cells - cytology
Advanced Basic Science
Biocompatible Materials - chemistry
Bioimplant
Brain - cytology
Brain - metabolism
Cell Differentiation
Cell interactions
Cell Proliferation
Cells, Cultured
Dentistry
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Microtopography
Neural Stem Cells - cytology
Neurite outgrowth
Neurites - metabolism
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - metabolism
Polymer
Polymers
Regeneration
Reproducibility of Results
Tissue Engineering - methods
title Engineering of adult human neural stem cells differentiation through surface micropatterning
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