ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI: Transit of HDL-associated sphingosine-1-phosphate

• Published in: Clinica chimica acta 2012-02, Vol.413 (3), p.384-390
• Main Authors: Liu, Xing, Xiong, Sheng Lin, Yi, Guang-Hui
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ABCA1; Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters - metabolism; CD36 Antigens - metabolism; HDL; Humans; Lipoproteins, HDL - chemistry; Lipoproteins, HDL - metabolism; Lysophospholipids - biosynthesis; Lysophospholipids - chemistry; Lysophospholipids - metabolism; S1P; Sphingolipids; Sphingosine - analogs & derivatives; Sphingosine - biosynthesis; Sphingosine - chemistry; Sphingosine - metabolism; SR-BI
• ISSN: 0009-8981; 1873-3492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.11.002

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a zwitterionic lysophospholipid generated by the sphingosine kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of sphingosine. A number of the biological effects of S1P are mediated by its binding to five specific G protein-coupled receptors located on the cell surface or intracellular targets. However, the synthesis and secretion of S1P require release out of cells for binding with receptors by certain transporters and carriers. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is an important carrier of S1P in the blood, but the mechanism by which it does so is unclear. This review discusses the mechanism how S1P is transported, and focuses particularly on how the formation of HDL-associated S1P (HDL-S1P) is mediated by certain transporters and carriers. A hypothesis that the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), ABCG1, and scavenger receptor class B memberI (SR-BI) play pivotal roles in HDL-S1P formation is also described. ► Certain transporters and carriers mediate the association of S1P to HDL. ► Sphk and S1PL involve in the synthesis and degradation process of S1P. ► ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI play pivotal roles in HDL-S1P formation. ► ABCG1 is the most crucial transporter in S1P effusion to HDL.