Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in glucose and lipid metabolism

Nutrient availability is critical for the physiological functions of all tissues. By contrast, an excess of nutrients such as carbohydrate and fats impair health and shorten life due by stimulating chronic diseases, including diabetes, cancer and neurodegeneration. The control of circulating glucose...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in molecular medicine 2012-01, Vol.18 (1), p.52-58
Main Authors: Diano, Sabrina, Horvath, Tamas L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agouti-Related Protein - metabolism
Animals
Glucagon-Secreting Cells - metabolism
Glucose - metabolism
Humans
Hypothalamus - metabolism
Insulin-Secreting Cells - metabolism
Ion Channels - metabolism
Lipid Metabolism - physiology
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondrial Proteins - metabolism
Neurons - metabolism
Obesity - metabolism
Pathology
Pro-Opiomelanocortin - metabolism
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Signal Transduction
Uncoupling Protein 2
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Summary:Nutrient availability is critical for the physiological functions of all tissues. By contrast, an excess of nutrients such as carbohydrate and fats impair health and shorten life due by stimulating chronic diseases, including diabetes, cancer and neurodegeneration. The control of circulating glucose and lipid levels involve mitochondria in both central and peripheral mechanisms of metabolism regulation. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) has been implicated in physiological and pathological processes related to glucose and lipid metabolism, and in this review we discuss the latest data on the relationships between UCP2 and glucose and lipid sensing from the perspective of specific hypothalamic neuronal circuits and peripheral tissue functions. The goal is to provide a framework for discussion of future therapeutic strategies for metabolism-related chronic diseases.
ISSN:1471-4914
1471-499X
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2011.08.003