Composites Reinforced in Three Dimensions by Using Low Magnetic Fields

The orientation and distribution of reinforcing particles in artificial composites are key to enable effective reinforcement of the material in mechanically loaded directions, but remain poor if compared to the distinctive architectures present in natural structural composites such as teeth, bone, a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2012-01, Vol.335 (6065), p.199-204
Main Authors: Erb, Randall M., Libanori, Rafael, Rothfuchs, Nuria, Studart, André R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Bones
Composite materials
Composite particles
Composites
Exact sciences and technology
Forms of application and semi-finished materials
Fractions
Hardness
Iron oxides
Magnetic fields
Material films
Materials
Nanoparticles
Orientation
Particulate composites
Platelets
Polymer industry, paints, wood
Polymers
Reinforcement
Technology of polymers
Three dimensional
Wear resistance
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Summary:The orientation and distribution of reinforcing particles in artificial composites are key to enable effective reinforcement of the material in mechanically loaded directions, but remain poor if compared to the distinctive architectures present in natural structural composites such as teeth, bone, and seashells. We show that micrometer-sized reinforcing particles coated with minimal concentrations of superparamagnetic nano parti des (0.01 to 1 volume percent) can be controlled by using ultralow magnetic fields (1 to 10 milliteslas) to produce synthetic composites with tuned three-dimensional orientation and distribution of reinforcements. A variety of structures can be achieved with this simple method, leading to composites with tailored local reinforcement, wear resistance, and shape memory effects.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.1210822