AC and DC bipolar voltage source using quantized pulses

We have developed an accurate bipolar voltage source for AC and DC metrology, based on the quantized pulses of Josephson junctions. The output voltage is a factor of 4-6 higher than the amplitude of previous unipolar waveforms; this is achieved by generating bipolar waveforms where arrays of junctio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement 1999-04, Vol.48 (2), p.266-269
Main Authors: Benz, S.P., Hamilton, C.A., Burroughs, C.J., Harvey, T.E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AC generators
Amplitudes
Arrays
Broadband
DC generators
Direct current
Electric potential
Frequency
Josephson junctions
Metrology
Noise level
Power system harmonics
Pulse modulation
Quantization
Sine waves
Voltage
Waveforms
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Summary:We have developed an accurate bipolar voltage source for AC and DC metrology, based on the quantized pulses of Josephson junctions. The output voltage is a factor of 4-6 higher than the amplitude of previous unipolar waveforms; this is achieved by generating bipolar waveforms where arrays of junctions are driven with both a broadband two-level digital code and a sinusoidal frequency. We experimentally demonstrate two bipolar waveforms: a 5 kHz sine wave with /spl plusmn/18 mV peak amplitude and quantization noise power eight orders of magnitude below the power in the fundamental frequency, and a 3.5 kHz square wave with /spl plusmn/13 mV peak amplitude and even harmonics at -100 dB (carrier).
ISSN:0018-9456
1557-9662
DOI:10.1109/19.769579