Chitosan enhances transcellular permeability in human and rat intestine epithelium

The effective uptake of Chitosan by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is associated to the transcellular internalization of proteins such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The intestinal epithelium regulates the transit of molecules from and into the organism. Several agents act as absorption enhanc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics 2012-02, Vol.80 (2), p.418-425
Main Authors: Canali, M. Magdalena, Pedrotti, Luciano P., Balsinde, Jesús, Ibarra, Cristina, Correa, Silvia G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigen
Biological and medical sciences
Caco-2 Cells
Chitosan
Chitosan - pharmacology
Colon - metabolism
Electrophysiology
Excipients - pharmacology
Female
General pharmacology
HT29 Cells
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism
Intestine
Ions - metabolism
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Permeability
Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Proteins - metabolism
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rats, Wistar
Species Specificity
Water - metabolism
Water transport
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Summary:The effective uptake of Chitosan by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is associated to the transcellular internalization of proteins such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The intestinal epithelium regulates the transit of molecules from and into the organism. Several agents act as absorption enhancers inducing changes in both transcellular and paracellular routes. Chitosan is a non-toxic biocompatible polysaccharide widely used as dietary supplement and mucosal delivery. Chitosan triggers both the activation of intestinal epithelial cells and the release of regulatory factors relevant for its immunomodulatory activity. Yet, the interaction of chitosan with intestinal epithelial cells is poorly characterized. We studied the uptake of this polysaccharide, and we evaluated its effects in both the net water and ion movements across human and rat colon samples and the epithelial permeability. Herein, we demonstrate that chitosan increases the transcellular permeability to ions, water and protein markers in human and rat intestinal mucosa and decreases the water permeability across the paracellular pathway. These findings are relevant to understand the activity of the polysaccharide in the mucosal environment.
ISSN:0939-6411
1873-3441
DOI:10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.11.007