Bench-scale study of active mine water treatment using cement kiln dust (CKD) as a neutralization agent

• Published in: Water research (Oxford) 2012-02, Vol.46 (2), p.327-334
• Main Authors: Mackie, Allison L., Walsh, Margaret E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acid mine drainage; Acid mine drainage (AMD); acidity; Acids - chemistry; Active control; Applied sciences; Byproducts; Calcium Compounds - chemistry; calcium hydroxide; Calcium Hydroxide - chemistry; calcium oxide; Canada; cement; Cement kiln dust (CKD); Cements; Construction Materials - analysis; Dust - analysis; Exact sciences and technology; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; iron; kilns; lead; Metals - chemistry; Mine water; Mine waters; Mining; neutralization; Oxides - chemistry; Particle Size; Pollution; Quicklime; Slaked lime; Sludge; Slurries; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods; Wastewater treatment; Water - chemistry; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry; Water Quality; water treatment; Water treatment and pollution; Zinc
• ISSN: 0043-1354; 1879-2448
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.10.030

The overall objective of this study was to investigate the potential impact on settled water quality of using cement kiln dust (CKD), a waste by-product, to replace quicklime in the active treatment of acidic mine water. Bench-scale experiments were conducted to evaluate the treatment performance of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2) slurries generated using four different CKD samples compared to a control treatment with quicklime (CaO) in terms of reducing acidity and metals concentrations in acid mine drainage (AMD) samples taken from the effluent of a lead/zinc mine in Atlantic Canada. Results of the study showed that all of the CKD samples evaluated were capable of achieving greater than 97% removal of total zinc and iron. The amount of solid alkaline material required to achieve pH targets required for neutralization of the AMD was found to be higher for treatment with the CKD slurries compared to the quicklime slurry control experiments, and varied linearly with the free lime content of the CKD. The results of this study also showed that a potential benefit of treating mine water with CKD could be reduced settled sludge volumes generated in the active treatment process, and further research into the characteristics of the sludge generated from the use of CKD-generated calcium hydroxide slurries is recommended. [Display omitted] ► We compared CKD treatment to quicklime treatment of acid rock drainage. ► CKD and quicklime slurries precipitated and removed soluble metals equivalently. ► More CKD was required than quicklime to reach the target pH of 9.5. ► The amount required for treatment varied linearly with lime content of the CKD. ► CKD treatment generated less sludge by volume than quicklime treatment.