Changes in the Annual Range of Precipitation under Global Warming

The annual range of precipitation, which is the difference between maximum and minimum precipitation within a year, is examined in climate model simulations under global warming. For global averages, the annual range of precipitation tends to increase as the globe warms. On a regional basis, this en...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of climate 2012-01, Vol.25 (1), p.222-235
Main Authors: Chou, Chia, Lan, Chia-Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advection
Annual precipitation
Annual range
Asymmetry
Atmospheric moisture. Precipitations
Bgi / Prodig
Climate change
Climate models
Climatology
Earth, ocean, space
Evaporation
Exact sciences and technology
External geophysics
Global climate models
Global warming
Greenhouse gases
Marine
Maximum precipitation
Meteorology
Moisture
Moisture budget
Moisture effects
Physical geography
Precipitation
Seasons
Simulation
Thermodynamics
Trends
Tropical climates
Vertical motion
Water vapor
Water vapour
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Summary:The annual range of precipitation, which is the difference between maximum and minimum precipitation within a year, is examined in climate model simulations under global warming. For global averages, the annual range of precipitation tends to increase as the globe warms. On a regional basis, this enhancement is found over most areas of the world, except for the bands along 30°S and 30°N. The enhancement in the annual range of precipitation is mainly associated with larger upward trends of maximum precipitation and smaller upward trends or downward trends of minimum precipitation. Based on the moisture budget analysis, the dominant mechanism is vertical moisture advection, both on a global average and on a regional scale. The vertical moisture advection, moisture convergence induced by vertical motion, includes the thermodynamic component, which is associated with increased water vapor, and the dynamic component, which is associated with changes in circulation. Generally, the thermodynamic component enhances the annual range of precipitation, while the dynamic component tends to reduce it. Evaporation has a positive contribution to both maximum and minimum precipitation, but very little to the annual range of precipitation. Even though evaporation and horizontal moisture advection are small for a global average, they could be important on a regional basis.
ISSN:0894-8755
1520-0442
DOI:10.1175/jcli-d-11-00097.1