Freeze-dried human serum albumin improves the adherence and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells on mineralized human bone allografts

Mineralized scaffolds are widely used as bone grafts with the assumption that bone marrow derived cells colonize and remodel them. This process is slow and often unreliable so we aimed to improve the biocompatibility of bone grafts by pre‐seeding them with human mesenchymal stem cells from either bo...

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Published in:Journal of orthopaedic research 2012-03, Vol.30 (3), p.489-496
Main Authors: Weszl, Miklós, Skaliczki, Gábor, Cselenyák, Attila, Kiss, Levente, Major, Tibor, Schandl, Károly, Bognár, Eszter, Stadler, Guido, Peterbauer, Anja, Csönge, Lajos, Lacza, Zsombor
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
albumin
Animals
Bioreactors
bone graft
Bone Marrow Cells - physiology
Bone Transplantation
Cell Adhesion
Cell Proliferation
Cells, Cultured
Child
Child, Preschool
Collagen Type I - physiology
Dental Pulp - cytology
Fibronectins - physiology
Freeze Drying
Humans
lyophilization
Male
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - physiology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Serum Albumin - physiology
Swine
Tissue Scaffolds
Transplantation, Homologous
Young Adult
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Summary:Mineralized scaffolds are widely used as bone grafts with the assumption that bone marrow derived cells colonize and remodel them. This process is slow and often unreliable so we aimed to improve the biocompatibility of bone grafts by pre‐seeding them with human mesenchymal stem cells from either bone marrow or dental pulp. Under standard cell culture conditions very low number of seeded cells remained on the surface of freeze‐dried human or bovine bone graft or hydroxyapatite. Coating the scaffolds with fibronectin or collagen improved seeding efficiency but the cells failed to grow on the surface until the 18th day. In contrast, human albumin was a very potent facilitator of both seeding and proliferation on allografts which was further improved by culturing in a rotating bioreactor. Electron microscopy revealed that cells do not form a monolayer but span the pores, emphasizing the importance of pore size and microstructure. Albumin coated bone chips were able to unite a rat femoral segmental defect, while uncoated ones did not. Micro‐hardness measurements confirmed that albumin coating does not influence the physical characteristics of the scaffold, so it is possible to introduce albumin coating into the manufacturing process of lyophilized bone allografts. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:489–496, 2012
ISSN:0736-0266
1554-527X
DOI:10.1002/jor.21527