Dispositional pessimism but not optimism is related to sickness absence caused by musculoskeletal symptoms

► We examined associations between optimism/pessimism and sickness absence. ► Additional variables were demographics and work environment factors. ► Pessimism predicted amount of absence due to musculoskeletal complaints. Musculoskeletal disorders account for a higher proportion of sickness absence...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Personality and individual differences 2012, Vol.52 (2), p.207-212
Main Authors: Hystad, Sigurd W., Bye, Hege H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Diseases of the osteoarticular system
Dispositional optimism
Dispositional pessimism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous. Osteoarticular involvement in other diseases
Musculoskeletal diseases
Musculoskeletal disorders
Optimism
Personality traits
Personality. Affectivity
Pessimism
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychosocial and physical work environment
Sick leave
Sickness absence
Symptoms
Work environment
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Summary:► We examined associations between optimism/pessimism and sickness absence. ► Additional variables were demographics and work environment factors. ► Pessimism predicted amount of absence due to musculoskeletal complaints. Musculoskeletal disorders account for a higher proportion of sickness absence from work in the European Union than any other health condition. The present study examined the associations between work environment, dispositional optimism/pessimism and medically certified sickness absence caused by musculoskeletal complaints in a sample of employees from the Norwegian Armed Forces ( N = 1190, 77.5% men). Dispositional pessimism, but not optimism, predicted the amount of absence also when taking into account the effects of age and the work environment. Overall, our results support previous studies suggesting that pessimism is a more salient predictor of physical health than optimism. Our results also suggest that it may be beneficial for employers to combine medical treatment of musculoskeletal symptoms with psychological treatment targeting pessimistic outcome expectancies in order to reduce the amount of sickness absence.
ISSN:0191-8869
1873-3549
DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.019