Birth Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in the San Francisco Bay Area by Demographic and Ascertainment Source Characteristics

Using standardized methods for multi-source surveillance, we calculated the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) among children born in a racially diverse region in 1994 or 1996 as 4.7/1000 live births. Children with ASD before age 9 were identified through chart abstraction at health-relat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2011-10, Vol.41 (10), p.1362-1372
Main Authors: Windham, Gayle C., Anderson, Meredith C., Croen, Lisa A., Smith, Karen S., Collins, John, Grether, Judith K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
African Americans
Age Differences
Age Factors
Asian Americans
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Autistic spectrum disorders
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Biological and medical sciences
Brain
California
Child
Child and School Psychology
Child clinical studies
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - epidemiology
Childbirth
Children
Counties
Departments
Developmental Disabilities
Developmental disorders
Disability Identification
Educational Attainment
Educational Status
Eligibility
Environmental Influences
Ethnic Groups
Ethnicity
Female
Gender Differences
Hispanic Americans
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Infantile autism
Male
Medical sciences
Medical Services
Mothers
National Surveys
Networks
Neurosciences
Original Paper
Parent Influence
Pediatrics
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Population Surveillance
Prevalence
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Psychology
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Public Health
San Francisco - epidemiology
State Surveys
Surveillance
Whites
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Description
Summary:Using standardized methods for multi-source surveillance, we calculated the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) among children born in a racially diverse region in 1994 or 1996 as 4.7/1000 live births. Children with ASD before age 9 were identified through chart abstraction at health-related sources; three-quarters were being served by the state-wide Department of Developmental Services. In adjusted models, we found a male:female ratio of 6:1, a doubling of ASD prevalence among children of older mothers (40+), and lower prevalence with lower paternal education. Children of Black or Hispanic mothers had lower prevalence than those of White, non-Hispanic mothers, but these differences were attenuated after adjustment. Prevalence in children of Asian mothers was similar to Whites. Potential under-counting is discussed.
ISSN:0162-3257
1573-3432
DOI:10.1007/s10803-010-1160-2