Optimization models for siting water quality monitoring stations in a catchment

A water quality monitoring network (WQMN) must be designed so as to adequately protect the water quality in a catchment. Although a simulated annealing (SA) method was previously applied to design a WQMN, the SA method cannot ensure the solution it obtained is the global optimum. Therefore, two new...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental monitoring and assessment 2012, Vol.184 (1), p.43-52
Main Authors: Kao, Jehng-Jung, Li, Pei-Hao, Hu, Wen-Shin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Catchments
Cost engineering
Covering
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Management
Environmental monitoring
Environmental Monitoring - economics
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Environmental Monitoring - standards
Linear programming
Load
Models, Theoretical
Monitoring
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Optimization
Pollution
Pollution monitoring
Pollution sources
Simulated annealing
Stations
Studies
Water monitoring
Water Movements
Water Pollutants, Chemical - standards
Water quality
Water quality management
Water Supply - standards
Watershed management
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Summary:A water quality monitoring network (WQMN) must be designed so as to adequately protect the water quality in a catchment. Although a simulated annealing (SA) method was previously applied to design a WQMN, the SA method cannot ensure the solution it obtained is the global optimum. Therefore, two new linear optimization models are proposed in this study to minimize the deviation of the cost values expected to identify the possible pollution sources based on uniform cost (UC) and coverage elimination uniform cost (CEUC) schemes. The UC model determines the expected cost values by considering each sub-catchment being covered by which station, while the CEUC model determines the coverage of each station by eliminating the area covered by any upstream station. The proposed models are applied to the Derchi reservoir catchment in Taiwan. Results show that the global optimal WQMN can be effectively determined by using the UC or CEUC model, for which both results are better than those from the SA method, especially when the number of stations becomes large.
ISSN:0167-6369
1573-2959
DOI:10.1007/s10661-011-1945-6