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A Case of Rhinoorbital Mucormycosis in a Leukemic Patient with a Literature Review from Turkey

Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis) is a rare, invasive, opportunistic fungal infection of the paranasal sinuses, caused by a fungus of the order Mucorales. We report a case of rhinoorbital mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus oryzae in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient and review the 79 Mucormycosis cases...

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Published in:Mycopathologia (1975) 2011-11, Vol.172 (5), p.397-405
Main Authors: Gumral, Ramazan, Yıldızoglu, Uzeyir, Saracli, Mehmet Ali, Kaptan, Kursat, Tosun, Fuat, Yildiran, Sinasi Taner
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container_title Mycopathologia (1975)
container_volume 172
creator Gumral, Ramazan
Yıldızoglu, Uzeyir
Saracli, Mehmet Ali
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Yildiran, Sinasi Taner
description Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis) is a rare, invasive, opportunistic fungal infection of the paranasal sinuses, caused by a fungus of the order Mucorales. We report a case of rhinoorbital mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus oryzae in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient and review the 79 Mucormycosis cases reported in the last decade from Turkey. In our case, the diagnosis was made with endoscopic appearance, computerized tomography of the paranasal sinuses, and culture of the surgical materials. Following aggressive surgical debridement and parenteral amphotericin B therapy, the patient recovered completely. In Turkish literature, rhinocerebral manifestations were the most common form of the mucormycosis (64 cases), followed by pulmonary form (6 cases). The most common risk factor was hematologic malignancies (32 cases) and diabetes mellitus (32 cases), similar to those reported from the rest of the world. The etiologic agents responsible for the review cases were Rhizopus sp., Mucor spp., Rhizomucor spp., Rhizopus oryzae , Mucor circinelloides , and Lichtheimia corymbifera . Although various treatment modalities were used, amphotericin B was the mainstay of therapy. Mortality rate was found to be 49.4% in review cases. It seems that strong clinical suspicion and early diagnosis, along with aggressive antifungal therapy and endoscopic sinus surgery, have great importance for better prognosis in mucormycosis.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11046-011-9449-z
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issn 0301-486X
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source Springer Nature
subjects Acute lymphatic leukemia
Adult
Amphotericin B
Amphotericin B - administration & dosage
Amphotericin B - therapeutic use
Antifungal Agents - administration & dosage
Antifungal Agents - therapeutic use
Antiparasitic agents
Base Sequence
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Care and treatment
Case reports
Chemotherapy
Computed tomography
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
DNA, Fungal - genetics
Endoscopy
Eukaryotic Microbiology
Fungal infections
Health aspects
Humans
Infection
Invasiveness
Leukemia
Life Sciences
Literature reviews
Lung
Male
Malignancy
Medical Microbiology
Microbial Ecology
Microbiology
Mortality
Mucor
Mucor circinelloides
Mucorales
Mucormycosis
Mucormycosis - complications
Mucormycosis - diagnosis
Mucormycosis - drug therapy
Mucormycosis - pathology
Neutropenia
Nose
Paranasal Sinus Diseases - complications
Paranasal Sinus Diseases - diagnosis
Paranasal Sinus Diseases - drug therapy
Paranasal Sinus Diseases - pathology
Paranasal Sinuses - microbiology
Paranasal Sinuses - pathology
Plant Sciences
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - complications
Prognosis
Rhizomucor
Rhizopus
Rhizopus - drug effects
Rhizopus - genetics
Rhizopus - isolation & purification
Rhizopus - pathogenicity
Rhizopus oryzae
Risk factors
RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sinus
Sinuses
Surgery
Tomography
Turkey
Turkish literature
Zygomycosis
title A Case of Rhinoorbital Mucormycosis in a Leukemic Patient with a Literature Review from Turkey
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