Nutritional composition of Zizyphus lotus L. seeds

BACKGROUND: Zizyphus lotus seeds are an unutilized source of vegetable oil and protein and nothing has been reported on their physicochemical characteristics which would indicate the potential uses of these seeds. RESULTS: The percentage composition of the Zizyphus lotus seeds is (on a dry‐weight ba...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2012-04, Vol.92 (6), p.1171-1177
Main Authors: Chouaibi, Moncef, Mahfoudhi, Nesrine, Rezig, Leila, Donsì, Francesco, Ferrari, Giovanna, Hamdi, Salem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
chemical and physical parameters
Fat industries
fatty acid composition
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - analysis
Food industries
Food science
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Micronutrients - analysis
Nutritive Value
oil
Plant Oils - chemistry
Plant Proteins - analysis
Proteins
Seeds
Seeds - chemistry
thermal profile
Vegetable oils
Ziziphus - chemistry
Zizyphus lotus Mill. seeds
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Summary:BACKGROUND: Zizyphus lotus seeds are an unutilized source of vegetable oil and protein and nothing has been reported on their physicochemical characteristics which would indicate the potential uses of these seeds. RESULTS: The percentage composition of the Zizyphus lotus seeds is (on a dry‐weight basis): ash 1.05%, oil 32.92%, protein 19.11%, total carbohydrate 40.87% and moisture 6.05%. Calcium, potassium and magnesium constitute the major minerals of Zizyphus lotus seeds. The seed proteins are rich in threonine, glutamic acid, leucine, arginine and aspartic acid (26.73%, 17.28%, 13.11%, 9.47% and 7.76%, respectively). The main fatty acids of the oil are oleic (61.93%), linoleic (18.31%) and palmitic (9.14%) acids. Glycerol trioleate (OOO; O: oleic acid) was the most abundant triacylglycerol, representing 26.48% of the total triacyglycerols. β‐Tocopherol was the major tocopherol (130.47 mg 100 g−1). This oil was rich in Δ7‐campestrol and β‐sitosterol (147.82 and 82.10 mg 100 g−1 oil), respectively. CONCLUSION: Zizyphus lotus seeds are rich in fat and protein which are of potential industrial significance. In addition, Zizyphus lotus L. seed oil contained many bioactive compounds. This fact is of great economic interest owing to several applications of Zizyphus lotus L. seeds in the food, cosmetics and medicinal industries. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
ISSN:0022-5142
1097-0010
DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4659