In vitro study of biofilm formation and effectiveness of antimicrobial treatment on various dental material surfaces

• Published in: Molecular oral microbiology 2010-12, Vol.25 (6), p.384-390
• Main Authors: Li, L., Finnegan, M.B., Özkan, S., Kim, Y., Lillehoj, P.B., Ho, C.-M., Lux, R., Mito, R., Loewy, Z., Shi, W.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acrylic Resins - chemistry; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Antimicrobial agents; Bacterial Adhesion - drug effects; Bacterial Load; Bacteriology; Biofilms; Biofilms - drug effects; Biofilms - growth & development; Biological and medical sciences; Biomass; Borates - pharmacology; Candida albicans; Candida albicans - drug effects; Candida albicans - physiology; Colonies; Dental caries; Dental Materials - chemistry; Dental Plaque - microbiology; Dental Porcelain - chemistry; Dental restorative materials; Dentistry; Denture Bases - microbiology; Denture Cleansers - pharmacology; denture stomatitis; Dentures; Durapatite - chemistry; Enumeration; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Hydroxyapatite; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Infection; Materials Testing; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbiology; Microscopy, Confocal; Miscellaneous; Mycology; polystyrene; Polystyrenes - chemistry; Saliva - microbiology; Stomatitis; Streptococcus mutans; Streptococcus mutans - drug effects; Streptococcus mutans - physiology; Sulfates - pharmacology; Surface Properties; Tablets
• ISSN: 2041-1006; 2041-1014
• DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2010.00586.x

Summary Elevated proportions of Candida albicans in biofilms formed on dentures are associated with stomatitis whereas Streptococcus mutans accumulation on restorative materials can cause secondary caries. Candida albicans, S. mutans, saliva‐derived and C. albicans/saliva‐derived mixed biofilms were grown on different materials including acrylic denture, porcelain, hydroxyapatite (HA), and polystyrene. The resulting biomass was analysed by three‐dimensional image quantification and assessment of colony‐forming units. The efficacy of biofilm treatment with a dissolved denture cleansing tablet (Polident®) was also evaluated by colony counting. Biofilms formed on HA exhibited the most striking differences in biomass accumulation: biofilms comprising salivary bacteria accrued the highest total biomass whereas C. albicans biofilm formation was greatly reduced on the HA surface compared with other materials, including the acrylic denture surface. These results substantiate clinical findings that acrylic dentures can comprise a reservoir for C. albicans, which renders patients more susceptible to C. albicans infections and stomatitis. Additionally, treatment efficacy of the same type of biofilms varied significantly depending on the surface. Although single‐species biofilms formed on polystyrene surfaces exhibited the highest susceptibility to the treatment, the most surviving cells were recovered from HA surfaces for all types of biofilms tested. This study demonstrates that the nature of a surface influences biofilm characteristics including biomass accumulation and susceptibility to antimicrobial treatments. Such treatments should therefore be evaluated on the surfaces colonized by the target pathogen(s).