Splenectomy Increases Mortality in Murine Trypanosoma cruzi Infection

• Published in: Scandinavian journal of immunology 2011, Vol.73 (1), p.36-45
• Main Authors: Maioli, T.U, Assis, F.A, Vieira, P.M.A, Borelli, P, Santiago, H, Alves, R, Romanha, A.J, Carneiro, C.M, Faria, A.M.C
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Chagas Disease - immunology; Chagas Disease - mortality; Chagas Disease - parasitology; Cytokines - blood; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Heart - parasitology; Histocytochemistry; Interferon-gamma - blood; Liver - parasitology; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Parasitemia - immunology; Parasitemia - mortality; Parasitemia - parasitology; Spleen - immunology; Spleen - parasitology; Spleen - surgery; Splenectomy; Trypanosoma cruzi; Trypanosoma cruzi - immunology; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood
• ISSN: 0300-9475; 1365-3083
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02478.x

The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ that harbours a variety of cells such as T and B lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells important to immune response development. In this study, we evaluated the impact of spleen removal in the immune response to experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. C57BL/6 mice were infected with Y strain of the parasite and infection was followed daily. Mice that underwent splenectomy had fewer parasites in peripheral blood at the peak of infection; however, mortality was increased. Histological analysis of heart and liver tissues revealed an increased number of parasites and inflammatory infiltrates at these sites. Spleen removal was associated with reduction in IFN-γ and TNF-α production during infection as well as with a decrease in specific antibody secretion. Haematological disorders were also detected. Splenectomized mice exhibited severe anaemia and decreased bone marrow cell numbers. Our results indicate that spleen integrity is critical in T. cruzi infection for the immune response against the parasite, as well as for the control of bone marrow haematological function.