Factor Analysis of Nineteen Executive Function Tests in a Healthy Adult Population

Although there has been some progress in identifying the range of skills that comprise the executive neurocognitive system, their assessment has proved to be a challenge. Operationalization of executive functions (EFs) may be progressed by identifying the cognitive constructs that underlie EF test p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of clinical neuropsychology 2012-03, Vol.27 (2), p.213-224
Main Authors: Testa, Renee, Bennett, Pauleen, Ponsford, Jennie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Executive Function - physiology
Female
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Neuropsychological Tests
Principal Component Analysis
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Statistics as Topic
Techniques and methods
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Summary:Although there has been some progress in identifying the range of skills that comprise the executive neurocognitive system, their assessment has proved to be a challenge. Operationalization of executive functions (EFs) may be progressed by identifying the cognitive constructs that underlie EF test performance via principal components analysis. The underlying factor structure of 19 EF tests was examined in a non-clinical sample of 200 adults (mean age = 30.8 [18-64] years); the sample comprised 97 men. Findings revealed only weak correlations between various measures derived from the EF tests. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a model comprising six independent factors, consistent with previous reports, describing the functions of the EF system. The factors comprised: Prospective Working Memory, Set-Shifting and Interference Management, Task Analysis, Response Inhibition, Strategy Generation and Regulation, and Self-Monitoring and Set-Maintenance. Results confirm the diverse and heterogeneous nature of EFs and caution against conceptualizations that underestimate its complexity. Furthermore, variability within the "normal" executive system is evident, and further research is required to understand executive functioning in healthy populations.
ISSN:0887-6177
1873-5843
DOI:10.1093/arclin/acr112