Characterisation of adsorbents prepared by pyrolysis of sludge and sludge/disposal filter cake mix

• Published in: Water research (Oxford) 2012-05, Vol.46 (8), p.2783-2794
• Main Authors: Velghe, I., Carleer, R., Yperman, J., Schreurs, S., D’Haen, Jan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorbent; adsorbents; Adsorption; Applied sciences; cation exchange; cation exchange capacity; Cations; Copper - isolation & purification; Disposal filter cake; Exact sciences and technology; exchangeable cations; filter cake; Filtration; heavy metals; hydrochloric acid; Hydrochloric Acid - chemistry; Ion Exchange; Kinetics; Metal; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Pollution; Porosity; protons; Pyrolysis; Sewage - chemistry; Sludge; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Surface Properties; Temperature; Water Purification - methods; Water treatment and pollution; zinc; Zinc - isolation & purification
• ISSN: 0043-1354; 1879-2448
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.034

Copper and zinc removal from water (pH = 5.0) using adsorbents produced from slow and fast pyrolysis of industrial sludge and industrial sludge mixed with a disposal filter cake (FC), post treated with HCl, is investigated in comparison with a commercial adsorbent F400. The results show that a pseudo-second order kinetics model is followed. The Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm model is found to fit the data best. The capacity for heavy metal removal of studied adsorbents is generally better than that of commercial F400. The dominant heavy metal removal mechanism is cation exchange. Higher heavy metal removal capacity is associated with fast pyrolysis adsorbents and sludge/FC derived adsorbents, due to enhanced cation exchange. Improvement of Zn2+ removal via 1 N HCl post-treatment is only effective when exchangeable cations of the adsorbent are substituted with H+ ions, which boost the cation exchange capacity. Increase of temperature also enhances metal removal capacity. Fast pyrolysis sludge-based adsorbents can be reused after several adsorption–desorption cycles. ► Low cost adsorbent production via slow/fast pyrolysis of sludge and sludge/filter cake. ► Comparing adsorbent based on properties and ability of Cu and Zn removal from water. ► Higher heavy metal removal by fast pyrolysis adsorbents. ► Improvement of heavy metal removal by adding FC to sludge before pyrolysis. ► Substitution of exchangeable cations with H+ via HCl treatment improves Zn removal.