Pd(II) immobilized on mesoporous silica by N-heterocyclic carbene ionic liquids and catalysis for hydrogenation

In this work we synthesized Pd(II) immobilized on mesoporous silica by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ionic liquids (ILs) with different alkyl chain lengths. The catalysts were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), low-angle X-ray powder di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP 2011-01, Vol.13 (6), p.2062-2068
Main Authors: Liu, Gang, Hou, Minqiang, Wu, Tianbin, Jiang, Tao, Fan, Honglei, Yang, Guanying, Han, Buxing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohols
Carbenes
Catalysis
Catalysts
Chains
Hydrogenation
Ionic Liquids
Methane - analogs & derivatives
Methane - chemistry
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Palladium - chemistry
Palladium - metabolism
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Porosity
Silicon Dioxide - chemistry
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
X-Ray Diffraction
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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Summary:In this work we synthesized Pd(II) immobilized on mesoporous silica by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ionic liquids (ILs) with different alkyl chain lengths. The catalysts were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), low-angle X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen sorption. The catalysts were used for the hydrogenation of alkenes and allyl alcohol. The results indicated that the catalysts were very active, selective, and stable. The selectivity for the hydrogenation of allyl alcohol to 1-propanol increased with the increase of the alkyl chain length of the ILs. The effect of supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)) on the hydrogenation of allyl alcohol was also studied, and it was demonstrated that scCO(2) could enhance the selectivity of the reaction considerably. The XPS study showed that the valence of Pd(II) remained unchanged under hydrogenation conditions.
ISSN:1463-9076
1463-9084
DOI:10.1039/c0cp01213k