Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms in an adult sample: Associations with Cloninger’s temperament and character dimensions

► Study examined relation between Cloninger’s model and ADHD. ► Previous studies failed to control potential confounding effects. ► Current study controlled these effects. ► Inattention associated with Harm Avoidance (positive) and Self-Directedness (negative). ► Hyperactivity/impulsivity associated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Personality and individual differences 2012-02, Vol.52 (3), p.290-294
Main Authors: Gomez, Rapson, Woodworth, Rosalind, Waugh, Megan, Corr, Philip J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADHD
Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Biological and medical sciences
Child clinical studies
Cooperation
Harm Avoidance
Hyperactivity
Inattention
Medical sciences
Novelty Seeking
Persistence
Personality
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Reinforcement
Reward Dependence
Self-Directedness
Self-Transcendence
Symptoms
Temperament
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Summary:► Study examined relation between Cloninger’s model and ADHD. ► Previous studies failed to control potential confounding effects. ► Current study controlled these effects. ► Inattention associated with Harm Avoidance (positive) and Self-Directedness (negative). ► Hyperactivity/impulsivity associated with Persistence. Relationships between C.R. Cloninger’s temperament and character dimensions and the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) were examined in 231 adults from the general population. Regression analyses that predicated overall ADHD, IA and HI by the seven temperament/character dimensions revealed: IA was predicted positively by Harm Avoidance and negatively by Self-Directedness; HI was predicted positively by Persistence; and overall ADHD was predicted negatively by Self-Directedness. These findings are also interpreted in terms of current theories of ADHD, and the related original and revised versions of Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality.
ISSN:0191-8869
1873-3549
DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.015