Assessment of genotoxicity of waterpipe and cigarette smoking in lymphocytes using the sister-chromatid exchange assay: A comparative study

Tobacco smoking is a major world health problem. Recently, waterpipe smoking has become more popular in many countries. Although the genotoxicity associated with cigarette smoking has been extensively investigated, studies evaluating such toxicity in waterpipe users are still lacking. In this study,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis 2011-04, Vol.52 (3), p.224-228
Main Authors: Khabour, Omar F, Alsatari, Enas S, Azab, Mohammad, Alzoubi, Karem H, Sadiq, May F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Cells, Cultured
cigarette
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
genotoxicity
Humans
Lymphocytes - drug effects
Lymphocytes - metabolism
Medical sciences
Mutagenicity Tests
Mutagens - toxicity
Risk Assessment
Sister Chromatid Exchange - drug effects
smoking
Smoking - adverse effects
Smoking - epidemiology
Tobacco Products
Tobacco Smoke Pollution - adverse effects
Tobacco Smoke Pollution - analysis
Toxicology
waterpipe
Young Adult
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Summary:Tobacco smoking is a major world health problem. Recently, waterpipe smoking has become more popular in many countries. Although the genotoxicity associated with cigarette smoking has been extensively investigated, studies evaluating such toxicity in waterpipe users are still lacking. In this study, we examined the genotoxicity of waterpipe smoking in lymphocytes compared with the genotoxicity of cigarette smoking. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) assay. Fifty waterpipe smokers and 18 healthy nonsmokers participated in this study. Additionally, 18 heavy cigarette smokers (CS) were recruited for comparison. The results show that waterpipe smoking and cigarette smoking significantly increase the frequencies of SCEs (P < 0.01) compared with those of nonsmokers, indicating the genotoxic effect of tobacco smoking. In addition, frequencies of SCEs were significantly higher among waterpipe smokers compared with CS (P < 0.01), indicating that waterpipe smoking is more genotoxic than cigarette smoking. Moreover, the frequency of SCEs increased with the extent of waterpipe use. In conclusion, waterpipe smoking is genotoxic to lymphocytes and the magnitude of its genotoxicity is higher than that induced by regular cigarette smoking. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2011.
ISSN:0893-6692
1098-2280
1098-2280
DOI:10.1002/em.20601