In situ hybridization identifies the diploid progenitor species of Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae)

The most important commercial coffee species, Coffea arabica, which is cultivated in about 70% of the plantations world-wide, is the only tetraploid (2n = 4x = 44) species known in the genus. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to study the gen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Theoretical and applied genetics 1998-12, Vol.97 (8), p.1204-1209
Main Authors: Raina, S.N, Mukai, Y, Yamamoto, M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Chromosomes
Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids
Coffea arabica
Coffea canephora
coffea congensis
coffea eugenioides
Coffea liberica
Cytogenetics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diploidy
DNA
DNA probes
fluorescence in situ hybridization
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
genomic in situ hybridization
genomics
nucleic acid hybridization
Plant genetics
Pteridophyta, spermatophyta
ribosomal DNA
Rubiaceae
Vegetals
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Summary:The most important commercial coffee species, Coffea arabica, which is cultivated in about 70% of the plantations world-wide, is the only tetraploid (2n = 4x = 44) species known in the genus. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to study the genome organization and evolution of this species. Labelled total genomic DNA from diploid species (C. euqenioides, C. congensis, C. canephora, C. liberica) closely related to C. arabica was separately used as a probe in combination with or without blocking DNA to the chromosome spreads of C. arabica. GISH discriminated between chromosomes of C. arabica only in the presence of an excess of unlabelled block DNA from the species not used as a probe. Among the range of different species combinations used, DNA from C. eugenioides strongly and preferentially labelled 22 chromosomes of the tetraploid C. arabica, while the remaining 22 chromosomes were labelled with C. congensis DNA. The similarity of observations between C. arabica and the two diploid species using two ribosomal genes with FISH with respect to metaphase chromosomes provided additional support to the GISH results. These results confirm the allopolyploid nature of C. arabica and show that C. congensis and C. eugenioides are the diploid progenitors of C. arabica.
ISSN:0040-5752
1432-2242
DOI:10.1007/s001220051011