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Natural anti-A and anti-B of the ABO system: allo- and autoantibodies have different epitope specificity
BACKGROUND: According to Landsteiner's law, alloantibodies are prevalent and autoantibodies are absent in the ABO blood group system. However, one study (Spalter et al., Blood 1999;93:4418‐24) has suggested that low‐affinity ABO autoantibodies, mitigated by anti‐idiotypic immunoglobulins are al...
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Published in: | Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.) Pa.), 2012-04, Vol.52 (4), p.860-869 |
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description | BACKGROUND: According to Landsteiner's law, alloantibodies are prevalent and autoantibodies are absent in the ABO blood group system. However, one study (Spalter et al., Blood 1999;93:4418‐24) has suggested that low‐affinity ABO autoantibodies, mitigated by anti‐idiotypic immunoglobulins are also prevalent, while another publication (Rieben et al., Eur J Immunol 1992;22:2713‐7) shows that humans do not have B‐lymphocytes capable of producing immunoglobulin G ABO autoantibodies.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We used hapten‐specific chromatography to isolate allo‐ and autoantibodies from pools of A or B serum and then characterized the resultant antibodies against a wide range of ABO and related glycoconjugates.
RESULTS: We found that the apparent autoantibodies are directed against blood group A or B disaccharides, without consideration for the presence of fucose, but requiring the absence of elongating sugar X in composition of Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Galβ1‐X–terminated carbohydrate chain. In contrast, ABO alloantibodies required a minimum trisaccharide Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Gal epitope and recognize the elongated type‐specific tetrasaccharides. Furthermore, alloantibodies appear to be a small set of specific yet crossreactive antibodies that detect all backbone types of A or B antigens, rather than being a collection of specific antibodies, each of which detects a different type of A or B antigen.
CONCLUSION: Apparent ABO autoantibodies appear to have no natural human target. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03381.x |
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STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We used hapten‐specific chromatography to isolate allo‐ and autoantibodies from pools of A or B serum and then characterized the resultant antibodies against a wide range of ABO and related glycoconjugates.
RESULTS: We found that the apparent autoantibodies are directed against blood group A or B disaccharides, without consideration for the presence of fucose, but requiring the absence of elongating sugar X in composition of Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Galβ1‐X–terminated carbohydrate chain. In contrast, ABO alloantibodies required a minimum trisaccharide Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Gal epitope and recognize the elongated type‐specific tetrasaccharides. Furthermore, alloantibodies appear to be a small set of specific yet crossreactive antibodies that detect all backbone types of A or B antigens, rather than being a collection of specific antibodies, each of which detects a different type of A or B antigen.
CONCLUSION: Apparent ABO autoantibodies appear to have no natural human target.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0041-1132</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2995</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03381.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21981750</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden, USA: Blackwell Publishing Inc</publisher><subject>ABO Blood-Group System - immunology ; ABO system ; Adult ; Alloantibodies ; Autoantibodies ; Autoantibodies - immunology ; Autoantibodies - isolation & purification ; Blood group A ; Blood groups ; Carbohydrates ; Chromatography ; Disaccharides ; Epitopes ; fucose ; glycoconjugates ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Isoantibodies - immunology ; Isoantibodies - isolation & purification ; Lymphocytes B ; Polysaccharides - metabolism ; Sugar</subject><ispartof>Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2012-04, Vol.52 (4), p.860-869</ispartof><rights>2011 American Association of Blood Banks</rights><rights>2011 American Association of Blood Banks.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5051-2e98ce042c5e2f0673c760d19468c5987cd9ec61e2ade4dadd2c3d841ee1ccae3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5051-2e98ce042c5e2f0673c760d19468c5987cd9ec61e2ade4dadd2c3d841ee1ccae3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21981750$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Obukhova, Polina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Korchagina, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henry, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bovin, Nicolai</creatorcontrib><title>Natural anti-A and anti-B of the ABO system: allo- and autoantibodies have different epitope specificity</title><title>Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.)</title><addtitle>Transfusion</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND: According to Landsteiner's law, alloantibodies are prevalent and autoantibodies are absent in the ABO blood group system. However, one study (Spalter et al., Blood 1999;93:4418‐24) has suggested that low‐affinity ABO autoantibodies, mitigated by anti‐idiotypic immunoglobulins are also prevalent, while another publication (Rieben et al., Eur J Immunol 1992;22:2713‐7) shows that humans do not have B‐lymphocytes capable of producing immunoglobulin G ABO autoantibodies.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We used hapten‐specific chromatography to isolate allo‐ and autoantibodies from pools of A or B serum and then characterized the resultant antibodies against a wide range of ABO and related glycoconjugates.
RESULTS: We found that the apparent autoantibodies are directed against blood group A or B disaccharides, without consideration for the presence of fucose, but requiring the absence of elongating sugar X in composition of Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Galβ1‐X–terminated carbohydrate chain. In contrast, ABO alloantibodies required a minimum trisaccharide Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Gal epitope and recognize the elongated type‐specific tetrasaccharides. Furthermore, alloantibodies appear to be a small set of specific yet crossreactive antibodies that detect all backbone types of A or B antigens, rather than being a collection of specific antibodies, each of which detects a different type of A or B antigen.
CONCLUSION: Apparent ABO autoantibodies appear to have no natural human target.</description><subject>ABO Blood-Group System - immunology</subject><subject>ABO system</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alloantibodies</subject><subject>Autoantibodies</subject><subject>Autoantibodies - immunology</subject><subject>Autoantibodies - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Blood group A</subject><subject>Blood groups</subject><subject>Carbohydrates</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Disaccharides</subject><subject>Epitopes</subject><subject>fucose</subject><subject>glycoconjugates</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Isoantibodies - immunology</subject><subject>Isoantibodies - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Lymphocytes B</subject><subject>Polysaccharides - metabolism</subject><subject>Sugar</subject><issn>0041-1132</issn><issn>1537-2995</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkUFv1DAQhS0EokvhLyDf4JLUY8cbG4nDtqItarUVsAiJi-XaE62X7CaNE9j99zik7BExlxlpvjcjvUcIBZZDqrNNDlKUGdda5pwB5EwIBfn-CZkdF0_JjLECMgDBT8iLGDeMMa4ZPCcnHLSCUrIZWS9tP3S2pnbXh2yRmp_Gc9pUtF8jXZzf0XiIPW7fUVvXTTYxQ9-M3H3jA0a6tj-R-lBV2OGup9iGvmmRxhZdqIIL_eEleVbZOuKrx35Kvl5-WF1cZ7d3Vx8vFreZk0xCxlErh6zgTiKv2LwUrpwzD7qYKye1Kp3X6OaA3HosvPWeO-FVAYjgnEVxSt5Md9uueRgw9mYbosO6tjtshmi0FhoY52Ui3_6TTBRTBRdSJVRNqOuaGDusTNuFre0OCTJjImZjRuPNaLwZEzF_EjH7JH39-GW436I_Cv9GkID3E_Ar1Hj478Nm9flynJI-m_QhZbQ_6m33wyT3Smm-La8M-3SzXKmbL-a7-A2RB6kM</recordid><startdate>201204</startdate><enddate>201204</enddate><creator>Obukhova, Polina</creator><creator>Korchagina, Elena</creator><creator>Henry, Stephen</creator><creator>Bovin, Nicolai</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201204</creationdate><title>Natural anti-A and anti-B of the ABO system: allo- and autoantibodies have different epitope specificity</title><author>Obukhova, Polina ; Korchagina, Elena ; Henry, Stephen ; Bovin, Nicolai</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5051-2e98ce042c5e2f0673c760d19468c5987cd9ec61e2ade4dadd2c3d841ee1ccae3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>ABO Blood-Group System - immunology</topic><topic>ABO system</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alloantibodies</topic><topic>Autoantibodies</topic><topic>Autoantibodies - immunology</topic><topic>Autoantibodies - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Blood group A</topic><topic>Blood groups</topic><topic>Carbohydrates</topic><topic>Chromatography</topic><topic>Disaccharides</topic><topic>Epitopes</topic><topic>fucose</topic><topic>glycoconjugates</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Isoantibodies - immunology</topic><topic>Isoantibodies - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Lymphocytes B</topic><topic>Polysaccharides - metabolism</topic><topic>Sugar</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Obukhova, Polina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Korchagina, Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Henry, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bovin, Nicolai</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Obukhova, Polina</au><au>Korchagina, Elena</au><au>Henry, Stephen</au><au>Bovin, Nicolai</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Natural anti-A and anti-B of the ABO system: allo- and autoantibodies have different epitope specificity</atitle><jtitle>Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.)</jtitle><addtitle>Transfusion</addtitle><date>2012-04</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>52</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>860</spage><epage>869</epage><pages>860-869</pages><issn>0041-1132</issn><eissn>1537-2995</eissn><abstract>BACKGROUND: According to Landsteiner's law, alloantibodies are prevalent and autoantibodies are absent in the ABO blood group system. However, one study (Spalter et al., Blood 1999;93:4418‐24) has suggested that low‐affinity ABO autoantibodies, mitigated by anti‐idiotypic immunoglobulins are also prevalent, while another publication (Rieben et al., Eur J Immunol 1992;22:2713‐7) shows that humans do not have B‐lymphocytes capable of producing immunoglobulin G ABO autoantibodies.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We used hapten‐specific chromatography to isolate allo‐ and autoantibodies from pools of A or B serum and then characterized the resultant antibodies against a wide range of ABO and related glycoconjugates.
RESULTS: We found that the apparent autoantibodies are directed against blood group A or B disaccharides, without consideration for the presence of fucose, but requiring the absence of elongating sugar X in composition of Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Galβ1‐X–terminated carbohydrate chain. In contrast, ABO alloantibodies required a minimum trisaccharide Gal(NAc)α1‐3(Fucα1‐2)Gal epitope and recognize the elongated type‐specific tetrasaccharides. Furthermore, alloantibodies appear to be a small set of specific yet crossreactive antibodies that detect all backbone types of A or B antigens, rather than being a collection of specific antibodies, each of which detects a different type of A or B antigen.
CONCLUSION: Apparent ABO autoantibodies appear to have no natural human target.</abstract><cop>Malden, USA</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Inc</pub><pmid>21981750</pmid><doi>10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03381.x</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | ABO Blood-Group System - immunology ABO system Adult Alloantibodies Autoantibodies Autoantibodies - immunology Autoantibodies - isolation & purification Blood group A Blood groups Carbohydrates Chromatography Disaccharides Epitopes fucose glycoconjugates Humans Immunoglobulin G Isoantibodies - immunology Isoantibodies - isolation & purification Lymphocytes B Polysaccharides - metabolism Sugar |
title | Natural anti-A and anti-B of the ABO system: allo- and autoantibodies have different epitope specificity |
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