Low and Decreasing Prevalence and Rate of False Positive HIV Diagnosis - Chókwè District, Mozambique, 2014-2017

A systematic review of studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa suggests higher than expected rates of false positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis (false diagnosis) using rapid tests. From 2014 to 2017, the rate and population prevalence of false diagnosis in Chokwe District, Mozambiq...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2018, Vol.67 (49), p.1363
Main Authors: Shodell, Daniel, Nelson, Robert, MacKellar, Duncan, Thompson, Ricardo, Casavant, Isabelle, Mugabe, Didier, Pals, Sherri, Ujamaa, Dawud, Bonzela, Juvencio, Cardoso, Judite, Machava, Salvador, Lourenço, Carlos, Yang, Chunfu, Parekh, Bharat, Pathmanathan, Ishani, Auld, Andrew F, Tamele, Stelio, Ouane, Manuel Antonio, Macome, Vania, Chicuecue, Noela, Amane, Guita, Kohatsu, Luciana, Honwana, Nely, Wei, Stanley, Kerndt, Peter R, Monterroso, Edgar, Vergara, Alfredo
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Algorithms
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral therapy
Diagnosis
Drug therapy
Handbooks
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infections
Management systems
Medical laboratories
Medical tests
Population
Public health
Quality management
Reviews
Surveillance
Systematic review
Trends
Viruses
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Summary:A systematic review of studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa suggests higher than expected rates of false positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis (false diagnosis) using rapid tests. From 2014 to 2017, the rate and population prevalence of false diagnosis in Chokwe District, Mozambique, decreased from 0.66% to 0.00% and from 0.08% to 0.01%, respectively. The cumulative false diagnosis rate was 0.56%, less than one fifth the median rate (3.1%) reported in the systematic review. Low and decreasing prevalence and rate of false diagnosis are reassuring and underscore caution in extrapolating results of the systematic review. Nonetheless, observed false diagnoses underscore the need for routine HIV retesting before initiation of antiretroviral therapy and implementation of comprehensive rapid HIV test quality management systems.
ISSN:0149-2195
1545-861X