From Childhood to Adolescence: Metabolic Disturbance Risk Factors

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), first described in adults in 2001 by the National Cholesterol Education Program, implies the presence of at least three of the following factors: central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and hypertension.1 In recogn...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Integrative medicine alert 2021-02, Vol.24 (2)
Main Author: Feldman, Ellen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Age
Body mass index
Child development
Confidence intervals
Diabetes
Families & family life
Hypertension
Lifestyles
Metabolism
Obesity
Population
Primary care
Proteins
Puberty
Risk factors
Sports & recreation clubs
Teenagers
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Summary:Metabolic syndrome (MetS), first described in adults in 2001 by the National Cholesterol Education Program, implies the presence of at least three of the following factors: central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and hypertension.1 In recognition that MetS in adults may have roots developed in early life, medical research has turned to examining the early years of development to better understand this relationship. Nonmodifiable Risk Factors (Controlled for Multivariables) Abdominal Obesity Dyslipidemia Hypertension Combined Metabolic Disturbance Lower parental educational level OR 1.14 (95% CI, 1-1.29)* OR 1.01 (95% CI, 0.91-1.12) OR 1.12 (95% CI, 0.99-1.26) OR 1.25 (95% CI, 1.05-1.49)* Lower age entering puberty OR 2.43 (95% CI, 1.60-3.69)* (Decreasing by a factor of 0.25 yearly from ages 8 to 13 years) OR 1.62 (95% CI, 1.09-2.42)* (Decreasing by a factor of 0.14 yearly from ages 8 to 13 years) OR 1.05 (95% CI, 0.76-1.73) OR 2.46 (95% CI, 1.53-3.96)* (Decreasing by a factor of 0.29 yearly from ages 8 to 13 years) Higher maternal body mass index OR 1.29 (95% CI, 1.25-1.34)* OR 1.09 (95% CI, 1.07-1.11)* OR 1.10 (95% CI, 1.07-1.12)* OR 1.47 (95% CI, 1.39-1.55)* Familial dyslipidemia OR 0.96 (95% CI, 0.63-1.46) OR 1.24 (95% CI, 1.01-1.52)* OR 0.98 (95% CI, 0.77-1.26) OR 1.08 (95% CI, 0.57-2.03) Familial hypertension OR 2.13 (95% CI, 1.45-3.12)* OR 1.26 (95% CI, 1.05-1.52)* OR 2.08 (95% CI, 1.67-2.60)* OR 3.33 (95% CI, 1.87-5.91)* OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval *Statistically significant results Table 2. Modifiable Risk Factors Abdominal Obesity Dyslipidemia Hypertension Combined Metabolic Disturbance Number of media (> 0) in the bedroom OR 1.09 (95% CI, 1.00-1.19) OR 0.98 (95% CI, 0.90-1.08) OR 1.05 (95% CI, 0.96-1.16) OR 1.30 (95% CI, 1.18-1.43)* (Increases by a factor of 0.18 per year from ages 8 to 30 years) No membership in sports clubs OR 1.08 (95% CI, 0.99-1.17) OR 1.16 (95% CI, 1.07-1.26)* OR 1.08 (95% CI, 0.99-1.18) OR 1.30 (95% CI, 1.18-1.43)* Well-being score OR 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.98)* OR 1.01 (95% CI, 0.92-1.10) OR 0.91 (95% CI, 0.92-1.00) OR 0.91 (95% CI, 0.82-1.02) OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval *Statistically significant results Commentary This longitudinal, observational study shows a statistical association between nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors and the development of metabolic disturbances in children over a seven-year period. According to a 2019 Common
ISSN:2325-2812
2325-2820