Heat and Law Enforcement

Using administrative criminal records from Texas, this paper shows how high temperatures affect the decision making of police officers, prosecutors, and judges. It finds that police reduce the number of arrests made per reported crime on the hottest days and that arrests made on these days are more...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Policy File 2024
Main Authors: Behrer, A Patrick, Bolotnyy, Valentin
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
Climate change
Criminal justice
Environment
Heat
Law enforcement
Online Access:Request full text
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Summary:Using administrative criminal records from Texas, this paper shows how high temperatures affect the decision making of police officers, prosecutors, and judges. It finds that police reduce the number of arrests made per reported crime on the hottest days and that arrests made on these days are more likely to be dismissed in court. For prosecutors, high temperature on the day they announce criminal charges does not appear to affect the nature and severity of the charges. However, judges dismiss fewer cases, issue longer prison sentences, and levy higher fines when ruling on hot days. The results suggest that the psychological and cognitive consequences of exposure to high temperatures have meaningful consequences for criminal defendants as they interact with the criminal justice system.