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Energetic driving forces are maintained in resting rat skeletal muscle after dietary creatine supplementation
1 Exercise and Sport Research Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287; and 2 Department of Exercise Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089 The total creatine (TCr) pool of skeletal muscle is composed of creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine (PCr). I...
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| Published in: | Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2001-01, Vol.90 (1), p.62-66 |
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| container_end_page | 66 |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 62 |
| container_title | Journal of applied physiology (1985) |
| container_volume | 90 |
| creator | McMillen, J Donovan, C. M Messer, J. I Willis, W. T |
| description | 1 Exercise and Sport Research Institute, Arizona State
University, Tempe, Arizona 85287; and 2 Department of Exercise
Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089
The total creatine
(TCr) pool of skeletal muscle is composed of creatine (Cr) and
phosphocreatine (PCr). In resting skeletal muscle, the ratio of
PCr to TCr (PCr/TCr; PCr energy charge) is ~0.6-0.8, depending
on the fiber type. PCr/TCr is linked to the cellular free energy of ATP
hydrolysis by the Cr kinase equilibrium. Dietary Cr supplementation
increases TCr in skeletal muscle. However, many previous studies have
reported data indicating that PCr/TCr falls after supplementation,
which would suggest that Cr supplementation alters the resting
energetic state of myocytes. This study investigated the effect of Cr
supplementation on the energy phosphates of resting skeletal muscle.
Male rats were fed either rodent chow (control) or chow supplemented
with 2% (wt/wt) Cr. After 2 wk on the diet, the gastrocnemius and
soleus muscles were freeze clamped and removed from anesthetized
animals. Cr supplementation increased TCr, PCr, and Cr levels in the
gastrocnemius by 20, 22, and 17%, respectively ( P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/jappl.2001.90.1.62 |
| format | article |
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University, Tempe, Arizona 85287; and 2 Department of Exercise
Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089
The total creatine
(TCr) pool of skeletal muscle is composed of creatine (Cr) and
phosphocreatine (PCr). In resting skeletal muscle, the ratio of
PCr to TCr (PCr/TCr; PCr energy charge) is ~0.6-0.8, depending
on the fiber type. PCr/TCr is linked to the cellular free energy of ATP
hydrolysis by the Cr kinase equilibrium. Dietary Cr supplementation
increases TCr in skeletal muscle. However, many previous studies have
reported data indicating that PCr/TCr falls after supplementation,
which would suggest that Cr supplementation alters the resting
energetic state of myocytes. This study investigated the effect of Cr
supplementation on the energy phosphates of resting skeletal muscle.
Male rats were fed either rodent chow (control) or chow supplemented
with 2% (wt/wt) Cr. After 2 wk on the diet, the gastrocnemius and
soleus muscles were freeze clamped and removed from anesthetized
animals. Cr supplementation increased TCr, PCr, and Cr levels in the
gastrocnemius by 20, 22, and 17%, respectively ( P < 0.05). A numerical 6% higher mean soleus TCr in Cr-supplemented rats
was not statistically significant. All other energy phosphate concentrations, free energy of ATP hydrolysis, and PCr/TCr were not
different between the two groups in either muscle. We conclude that Cr
supplementation simply increased TCr in fast-twitch rat skeletal muscle
but did not otherwise alter resting cellular energetic state.
energy phosphates; thermodynamics; ergogenic aids</description><identifier>ISSN: 8750-7587</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2001.90.1.62</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11133894</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPHEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Am Physiological Soc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Creatine - administration & dosage ; Creatine - blood ; Creatine - metabolism ; Creatine - pharmacology ; Diet ; Dietary supplements ; Energy Metabolism - drug effects ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism ; Muscular system ; Phosphates ; Phosphates - metabolism ; Phosphocreatine - metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rest - physiology ; Rodents ; Thermodynamics ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2001-01, Vol.90 (1), p.62-66</ispartof><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Physiological Society Jan 2001</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-c4539f5da7dd685480ad8e68521ca5ce9dd318c618b184ba93483470931b0b263</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-c4539f5da7dd685480ad8e68521ca5ce9dd318c618b184ba93483470931b0b263</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,4010,27900,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=958472$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11133894$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>McMillen, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Donovan, C. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messer, J. I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willis, W. T</creatorcontrib><title>Energetic driving forces are maintained in resting rat skeletal muscle after dietary creatine supplementation</title><title>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</title><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><description>1 Exercise and Sport Research Institute, Arizona State
University, Tempe, Arizona 85287; and 2 Department of Exercise
Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089
The total creatine
(TCr) pool of skeletal muscle is composed of creatine (Cr) and
phosphocreatine (PCr). In resting skeletal muscle, the ratio of
PCr to TCr (PCr/TCr; PCr energy charge) is ~0.6-0.8, depending
on the fiber type. PCr/TCr is linked to the cellular free energy of ATP
hydrolysis by the Cr kinase equilibrium. Dietary Cr supplementation
increases TCr in skeletal muscle. However, many previous studies have
reported data indicating that PCr/TCr falls after supplementation,
which would suggest that Cr supplementation alters the resting
energetic state of myocytes. This study investigated the effect of Cr
supplementation on the energy phosphates of resting skeletal muscle.
Male rats were fed either rodent chow (control) or chow supplemented
with 2% (wt/wt) Cr. After 2 wk on the diet, the gastrocnemius and
soleus muscles were freeze clamped and removed from anesthetized
animals. Cr supplementation increased TCr, PCr, and Cr levels in the
gastrocnemius by 20, 22, and 17%, respectively ( P < 0.05). A numerical 6% higher mean soleus TCr in Cr-supplemented rats
was not statistically significant. All other energy phosphate concentrations, free energy of ATP hydrolysis, and PCr/TCr were not
different between the two groups in either muscle. We conclude that Cr
supplementation simply increased TCr in fast-twitch rat skeletal muscle
but did not otherwise alter resting cellular energetic state.
energy phosphates; thermodynamics; ergogenic aids</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Creatine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Creatine - blood</subject><subject>Creatine - metabolism</subject><subject>Creatine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism - drug effects</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</subject><subject>Muscular system</subject><subject>Phosphates</subject><subject>Phosphates - metabolism</subject><subject>Phosphocreatine - metabolism</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Rest - physiology</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Thermodynamics</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><issn>8750-7587</issn><issn>1522-1601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNptkU1v1DAQhi0EokvhD3BAFkjcdrEdJ3GOqGoLUiUu5Ww59mTXi_OB7QD77zuhUVdCHPyh8TPvvOMh5C1nO85L8elopinsBGN812BoV4lnZIMPYssrxp-TjapLtq1LVV-QVykdEZSy5C_JBee8KFQjN6S_HiDuIXtLXfS__LCn3RgtJGoi0N74IeMCR_1AI6S8ANFkmn5AgGwC7edkA1DTZYjUeYzFE7URDKJA04wWoQdUyX4cXpMXnQkJ3qznJfl-c31_9WV79-3269Xnu62VQmXcy6LpSmdq5ypVSsWMU4A3wa0pLTTOFVzZiquWK9mappCqkDVrCt6yVlTFJfn4qDvF8eeMtnXvk4UQzADjnHTNUFSqBXz_D3gc5zigNy2EWP5SMYTEI2TjmFKETk_R99in5kwvk9B_J6GXSegGQ7oSmPRuVZ7bHtw5Zf16BD6sgEnWhC6awfr0xDWlkrU41z74_eG3j6Cnwyn5MYz7k76ZQ7iHP3mpv9bVk-vO7f8vCdknkw9FX7Nj</recordid><startdate>20010101</startdate><enddate>20010101</enddate><creator>McMillen, J</creator><creator>Donovan, C. M</creator><creator>Messer, J. I</creator><creator>Willis, W. T</creator><general>Am Physiological Soc</general><general>American Physiological Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20010101</creationdate><title>Energetic driving forces are maintained in resting rat skeletal muscle after dietary creatine supplementation</title><author>McMillen, J ; Donovan, C. M ; Messer, J. I ; Willis, W. T</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-c4539f5da7dd685480ad8e68521ca5ce9dd318c618b184ba93483470931b0b263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Creatine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Creatine - blood</topic><topic>Creatine - metabolism</topic><topic>Creatine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Energy Metabolism - drug effects</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</topic><topic>Muscular system</topic><topic>Phosphates</topic><topic>Phosphates - metabolism</topic><topic>Phosphocreatine - metabolism</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Rest - physiology</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Thermodynamics</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>McMillen, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Donovan, C. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messer, J. I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willis, W. T</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>McMillen, J</au><au>Donovan, C. M</au><au>Messer, J. I</au><au>Willis, W. T</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Energetic driving forces are maintained in resting rat skeletal muscle after dietary creatine supplementation</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><date>2001-01-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>90</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>62</spage><epage>66</epage><pages>62-66</pages><issn>8750-7587</issn><eissn>1522-1601</eissn><coden>JAPHEV</coden><abstract>1 Exercise and Sport Research Institute, Arizona State
University, Tempe, Arizona 85287; and 2 Department of Exercise
Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089
The total creatine
(TCr) pool of skeletal muscle is composed of creatine (Cr) and
phosphocreatine (PCr). In resting skeletal muscle, the ratio of
PCr to TCr (PCr/TCr; PCr energy charge) is ~0.6-0.8, depending
on the fiber type. PCr/TCr is linked to the cellular free energy of ATP
hydrolysis by the Cr kinase equilibrium. Dietary Cr supplementation
increases TCr in skeletal muscle. However, many previous studies have
reported data indicating that PCr/TCr falls after supplementation,
which would suggest that Cr supplementation alters the resting
energetic state of myocytes. This study investigated the effect of Cr
supplementation on the energy phosphates of resting skeletal muscle.
Male rats were fed either rodent chow (control) or chow supplemented
with 2% (wt/wt) Cr. After 2 wk on the diet, the gastrocnemius and
soleus muscles were freeze clamped and removed from anesthetized
animals. Cr supplementation increased TCr, PCr, and Cr levels in the
gastrocnemius by 20, 22, and 17%, respectively ( P < 0.05). A numerical 6% higher mean soleus TCr in Cr-supplemented rats
was not statistically significant. All other energy phosphate concentrations, free energy of ATP hydrolysis, and PCr/TCr were not
different between the two groups in either muscle. We conclude that Cr
supplementation simply increased TCr in fast-twitch rat skeletal muscle
but did not otherwise alter resting cellular energetic state.
energy phosphates; thermodynamics; ergogenic aids</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Am Physiological Soc</pub><pmid>11133894</pmid><doi>10.1152/jappl.2001.90.1.62</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2001-01, Vol.90 (1), p.62-66 |
| issn | 8750-7587 1522-1601 |
| language | eng |
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| source | American Physiological Society:Jisc Collections:American Physiological Society Journals ‘Read Publish & Join’ Agreement:2023-2024 (Reading list); American Physiological Society Free |
| subjects | Animals Biological and medical sciences Creatine - administration & dosage Creatine - blood Creatine - metabolism Creatine - pharmacology Diet Dietary supplements Energy Metabolism - drug effects Feeding. Feeding behavior Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Male Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Muscular system Phosphates Phosphates - metabolism Phosphocreatine - metabolism Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rest - physiology Rodents Thermodynamics Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems |
| title | Energetic driving forces are maintained in resting rat skeletal muscle after dietary creatine supplementation |
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