CARTILAGE TISSUE REMODELING IN RESPONSE TO MECHANICAL FORCES

Recent studies suggest that there are multiple regulatory pathways by which chondrocytes in articular cartilage sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, including upstream signaling pathways and mechanisms that may lead to direct changes at the level of transcription, translation, post-translational...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of biomedical engineering 2000-01, Vol.2 (1), p.691-713
Main Authors: Grodzinsky, Alan J, Levenston, Marc E, Jin, Moonsoo, Frank, Eliot H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomedical Engineering
cartilage
Cartilage - physiology
Cell Survival
Chondrocytes - physiology
extracellular matrix
Extracellular Matrix - physiology
Extracellular Matrix Proteins - genetics
Extracellular Matrix Proteins - physiology
Gene Expression
Humans
mechanotransduction
Models, Biological
molecular mechanics
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Recent studies suggest that there are multiple regulatory pathways by which chondrocytes in articular cartilage sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, including upstream signaling pathways and mechanisms that may lead to direct changes at the level of transcription, translation, post-translational modifications, and cell-mediated extracellular assembly and degradation of the tissue matrix. This review focuses on the effects of mechanical loading on cartilage and the resulting chondrocyte-mediated biosynthesis, remodeling, degradation, and repair of this tissue. The effects of compression and tissue shear deformation are compared, and approaches to the study of mechanical regulation of gene expression are described. Of particular interest regarding dense connective tissues, recent experiments have shown that mechanotransduction is critically important in vivo in the cell-mediated feedback between physical stimuli, the molecular structure of newly synthesized matrix molecules, and the resulting macroscopic biomechanical properties of the tissue.
ISSN:1523-9829
1545-4274
DOI:10.1146/annurev.bioeng.2.1.691