Attenuation of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation and cell death by tea extracts in neuronal cultures

• Published in: Biochemical pharmacology 2002, Vol.63 (1), p.21-29
• Main Authors: Levites, Yona, Youdim, Moussa B.H., Maor, Gila, Mandel, Silvia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 6-hydroxydopamine; Active Transport, Cell Nucleus - drug effects; Adrenergic Agents - pharmacology; Animals; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Biological and medical sciences; Brain - drug effects; Brain - metabolism; Cell Nucleus - drug effects; Cell Nucleus - metabolism; Drug Interactions; Green tea; Humans; Iron; Kinetics; Medical sciences; Miscellaneous; Mitochondria - drug effects; Neurons - cytology; Neurons - drug effects; Neurons - metabolism; Neuropharmacology; Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology; NF-kappa B - drug effects; NF-kappa B - metabolism; Nuclear factor-κB; Oxidative Stress; Oxidopamine - pharmacology; Parkinson’s disease; PC12 Cells; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Rats; Tea - chemistry; Tumor Cells, Cultured
• ISSN: 0006-2952; 1873-2968
• DOI: 10.1016/S0006-2952(01)00813-9

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy approaches have been in the focus of attention in the treatment of neurodegenerative Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases where oxidative stress has been implicated. Tea extracts have been previously reported to possess radical scavenger, iron chelating and anti-inflammatory properties in a variety of tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential neuroprotective effects of tea extracts and possible signal pathway involved in a neuronal cell model of Parkinson’s disease. We demonstrated highly potent antioxidant-radical scavenging activities of green tea (GT) and black tea (BT) extracts on brain mitochondrial membrane fraction, against iron (2.5 μM)-induced lipid peroxidation. Both extracts (0.6–3 μM total polyphenols) were shown to attenuate the neurotoxic action of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neuronal death. 6-OHDA (350 and 50 μM) activated the iron dependent inflammatory redox sensitive nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) and human neuroblastoma (NB) SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. Immunofluorescence and electromobility shift assays showed increased nuclear translocation and binding activity of NF-κB after exposure to 6-OHDA in NB SH-SY5Y cells, with a concomitant disappearance from the cytoplasm. Introduction of GT extract (0.6, 3 μM total polyphenols) before 6-OHDA inhibited both NF-κB nuclear translocation and binding activity induced by this toxin in NB SH-SY5Y cells. Neuroprotection was attributed to the potent antioxidant and iron chelating actions of the polyphenolic constituents of tea extracts, preventing nuclear translocation and activation of cell death promoting NF-κB. Brain penetrating property of polyphenols may make such compounds an important class of drugs for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.