PREVALENCE ESTIMATIONS OF ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES AND COMORBIDITIES IN A COLOMBIAN SAMPLE

• Published in: International journal of neuroscience 2003, Vol.113 (1), p.49-71
• Main Authors: PINEDA, DAVID A., LOPERA, FRANCISCO, PALACIO, JUAN D., RAMIREZ, DORA, HENAO, GLORIA C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ADHD, attention; Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology; Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity; Biological and medical sciences; borderline intellectual functioning; Catchment Area (Health); Child; Child clinical studies; Child, Preschool; Cognition Disorders - diagnosis; Cognition Disorders - epidemiology; Colombia - epidemiology; comorbidities; Comorbidity; conduct disorder; Conduct Disorder - diagnosis; Conduct Disorder - epidemiology; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; gold standard; Humans; hyperactivity; Male; Medical sciences; motor retardation; Neuropsychological Tests; Prevalence; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychomotor Disorders - diagnosis; Psychomotor Disorders - epidemiology; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; randomized; Severity of Illness Index
• ISSN: 0020-7454; 1563-5279; 1543-5245
• DOI: 10.1080/00207450390161921

The aim of this article was to analyze the prevalence of Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Colombian Paisa children and adolescents. A randomized sample of 4- to 17-year-old children and adolescents--176 males and 154 females--was selected from schools in Manizales, Colombia. The diagnosis of ADHD was obtained using a semistructured psychiatric and neurological interview, medical histories revision, and neurological or psychiatric evaluations. Several rating scales and a neuropsychological assessment were administered in order to confirm the diagnosis. Children with Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) between 71 and 84 were recorded as having Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF), and those with a history of mild motor retardation, and/or Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ) lower than 71, were recorded as having a Developmental Coordination disorder (DCD), after confirmation by neurological and neuropsychological examinations. BIF and DCD children were excluded from the ADHD group. Total prevalence of ADHD adjusted by sex was 16.4% (males 19.8% and females 12.3%). Prevalence of clean ADHD cases was 11.5%, distrib uted as follows: combined type, 6.4%; inattentive, 4.8%; and hyperactive-impulsive, 0.3%. Distribution by sex was as follows: males, 14.8%; and females, 7.7%; with an odds ratio of 2.1 (95% CI: 1 - 4.5, &#104 2 = 4.0, p