The effects of armrests and high seat heights on lower-limb joint load and muscular activity during sitting and rising

The loading moment of force on the hip, knee, and ankle joints of nine healthy men rising from four different types of stools were compared, together with the levels of myoelectrical activity (EMG) in four leg muscles. Two types of stool (stand stools) had higher seats than a normal chair. The other...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ergonomics 1992-11, Vol.35 (11), p.1377-1391
Main Authors: ARBORELIUS, ULF P., WRETENBERG, PER, LINDBERG, FREDRIK
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Ankle Joint - physiology
Applied physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Biomechanics
Buttocks - physiology
Chairs
Electromyography
Ergonomics
Ergonomics. Work place. Occupational physiology
Hip Joint - physiology
Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology
Humans
Interior Design and Furnishings
Joint load
Knee Joint - physiology
Leg - physiology
Legs
Lower extremity
Male
Medical sciences
Movement
Muscles - physiology
Muscular system
Rising
Sitting work posture
Space life sciences
Weight-Bearing - physiology
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-9b1d16b4baa6b1293f1b5025b3300bed34d5a47d83c244e26ca2a72c3e3e8ce03
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-9b1d16b4baa6b1293f1b5025b3300bed34d5a47d83c244e26ca2a72c3e3e8ce03
container_end_page 1391
container_issue 11
container_start_page 1377
container_title Ergonomics
container_volume 35
creator ARBORELIUS, ULF P.
WRETENBERG, PER
LINDBERG, FREDRIK
description The loading moment of force on the hip, knee, and ankle joints of nine healthy men rising from four different types of stools were compared, together with the levels of myoelectrical activity (EMG) in four leg muscles. Two types of stool (stand stools) had higher seats than a normal chair. The other two were of ordinary seat height, but one also had armrests. The bodyweight carried by the different stools when sitting was also measured, and the subjects estimated the effort required for each trial. The mean maximum knee moment was over 60% lower when rising from the high stool than from 'ordinary' seat height. The difference between the high and low stand stool was also significant (p
doi_str_mv 10.1080/00140139208967399
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmed_primary_1425567</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>25639884</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-9b1d16b4baa6b1293f1b5025b3300bed34d5a47d83c244e26ca2a72c3e3e8ce03</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkk1v1DAQhi1EVZbCD-CAZAHiRMDfSSQuVfkoUiUuhas1dpxdr5J4sZOu9t_jNEuRQJV6sGbG88zIr2cQekHJe0oq8oEQKgjlNSNVrUpe14_QinKlClmJ8jFazfliBp6gpyltc8hpzU7RKRVMSlWu0M31xmHXts6OCYcWQ-yjS9mHocEbv97g5GDEG5fdmRhwF_YuFp3vDd4GP4z5AppbvJ-SnTqIGOzob_x4wM0U_bDGyY_jbGco-pTdZ-ikhS6550d7hn58-Xx9cVlcff_67eL8qrCKqrGoDW2oMsIAKENZzVtqJGHScE6IcQ0XjQRRNhW3TAjHlAUGJbPccVdZR_gZerf0TXu3m4zeRd9DPOgAXn_yP891iOt8Ji1lyWjG3y74LoZfU_4H3ftkXdfB4MKUdMlZxR4CMql4XVUig6_-AbdhikPWrOeh0Sxmhl7fB1FOKOOiFCpTdKFsDClF196poUTP66D_W4dc8_LYeTK9a_5WLPPP-TfHPCQLXRthsD7dYUISUpNZ7scF80MbYg_7ELtGj3DoQvxTw-9_xW8QF86g</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1301234746</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The effects of armrests and high seat heights on lower-limb joint load and muscular activity during sitting and rising</title><source>Taylor &amp; Francis Engineering, Computing &amp; Technology Archive</source><creator>ARBORELIUS, ULF P. ; WRETENBERG, PER ; LINDBERG, FREDRIK</creator><creatorcontrib>ARBORELIUS, ULF P. ; WRETENBERG, PER ; LINDBERG, FREDRIK</creatorcontrib><description>The loading moment of force on the hip, knee, and ankle joints of nine healthy men rising from four different types of stools were compared, together with the levels of myoelectrical activity (EMG) in four leg muscles. Two types of stool (stand stools) had higher seats than a normal chair. The other two were of ordinary seat height, but one also had armrests. The bodyweight carried by the different stools when sitting was also measured, and the subjects estimated the effort required for each trial. The mean maximum knee moment was over 60% lower when rising from the high stool than from 'ordinary' seat height. The difference between the high and low stand stool was also significant (p&lt;0·001). Using the high stool or help of the arms reduced the mean maximum hip moment by about 50%. The mean maximum ankle moment was only marginally influenced by the different stools. Knee moment was influenced more by seat height than was hip moment. Vastus lateralis activity was significantly higher when subjects rose from 'ordinary' height than when rising from either stand stool (p&lt;0·00l). The rectus femoris muscle was little activated and the semitendinosus muscle was activated earlier when rising from higher seat heights. All subjects estimated the effort of rising from the higher stand stool to be lower than from the lower stand stool or from 'ordinary' height without arm rests. It was concluded that stand stools are good alternatives for workers who change frequently between sitting and standing work.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0014-0139</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1366-5847</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1366-5847</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/00140139208967399</identifier><identifier>PMID: 1425567</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ERGOAX</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Taylor &amp; Francis Group</publisher><subject>Adult ; Ankle Joint - physiology ; Applied physiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomechanics ; Buttocks - physiology ; Chairs ; Electromyography ; Ergonomics ; Ergonomics. Work place. Occupational physiology ; Hip Joint - physiology ; Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology ; Humans ; Interior Design and Furnishings ; Joint load ; Knee Joint - physiology ; Leg - physiology ; Legs ; Lower extremity ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Movement ; Muscles - physiology ; Muscular system ; Rising ; Sitting work posture ; Space life sciences ; Weight-Bearing - physiology</subject><ispartof>Ergonomics, 1992-11, Vol.35 (11), p.1377-1391</ispartof><rights>Copyright Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC 1992</rights><rights>1993 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Taylor &amp; Francis Group Nov 1992</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-9b1d16b4baa6b1293f1b5025b3300bed34d5a47d83c244e26ca2a72c3e3e8ce03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-9b1d16b4baa6b1293f1b5025b3300bed34d5a47d83c244e26ca2a72c3e3e8ce03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00140139208967399$$EPDF$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00140139208967399$$EHTML$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,59901,60690</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=4500901$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1425567$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-55721$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>ARBORELIUS, ULF P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WRETENBERG, PER</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LINDBERG, FREDRIK</creatorcontrib><title>The effects of armrests and high seat heights on lower-limb joint load and muscular activity during sitting and rising</title><title>Ergonomics</title><addtitle>Ergonomics</addtitle><description>The loading moment of force on the hip, knee, and ankle joints of nine healthy men rising from four different types of stools were compared, together with the levels of myoelectrical activity (EMG) in four leg muscles. Two types of stool (stand stools) had higher seats than a normal chair. The other two were of ordinary seat height, but one also had armrests. The bodyweight carried by the different stools when sitting was also measured, and the subjects estimated the effort required for each trial. The mean maximum knee moment was over 60% lower when rising from the high stool than from 'ordinary' seat height. The difference between the high and low stand stool was also significant (p&lt;0·001). Using the high stool or help of the arms reduced the mean maximum hip moment by about 50%. The mean maximum ankle moment was only marginally influenced by the different stools. Knee moment was influenced more by seat height than was hip moment. Vastus lateralis activity was significantly higher when subjects rose from 'ordinary' height than when rising from either stand stool (p&lt;0·00l). The rectus femoris muscle was little activated and the semitendinosus muscle was activated earlier when rising from higher seat heights. All subjects estimated the effort of rising from the higher stand stool to be lower than from the lower stand stool or from 'ordinary' height without arm rests. It was concluded that stand stools are good alternatives for workers who change frequently between sitting and standing work.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Ankle Joint - physiology</subject><subject>Applied physiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Buttocks - physiology</subject><subject>Chairs</subject><subject>Electromyography</subject><subject>Ergonomics</subject><subject>Ergonomics. Work place. Occupational physiology</subject><subject>Hip Joint - physiology</subject><subject>Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Interior Design and Furnishings</subject><subject>Joint load</subject><subject>Knee Joint - physiology</subject><subject>Leg - physiology</subject><subject>Legs</subject><subject>Lower extremity</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Movement</subject><subject>Muscles - physiology</subject><subject>Muscular system</subject><subject>Rising</subject><subject>Sitting work posture</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Weight-Bearing - physiology</subject><issn>0014-0139</issn><issn>1366-5847</issn><issn>1366-5847</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1992</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkk1v1DAQhi1EVZbCD-CAZAHiRMDfSSQuVfkoUiUuhas1dpxdr5J4sZOu9t_jNEuRQJV6sGbG88zIr2cQekHJe0oq8oEQKgjlNSNVrUpe14_QinKlClmJ8jFazfliBp6gpyltc8hpzU7RKRVMSlWu0M31xmHXts6OCYcWQ-yjS9mHocEbv97g5GDEG5fdmRhwF_YuFp3vDd4GP4z5AppbvJ-SnTqIGOzob_x4wM0U_bDGyY_jbGco-pTdZ-ikhS6550d7hn58-Xx9cVlcff_67eL8qrCKqrGoDW2oMsIAKENZzVtqJGHScE6IcQ0XjQRRNhW3TAjHlAUGJbPccVdZR_gZerf0TXu3m4zeRd9DPOgAXn_yP891iOt8Ji1lyWjG3y74LoZfU_4H3ftkXdfB4MKUdMlZxR4CMql4XVUig6_-AbdhikPWrOeh0Sxmhl7fB1FOKOOiFCpTdKFsDClF196poUTP66D_W4dc8_LYeTK9a_5WLPPP-TfHPCQLXRthsD7dYUISUpNZ7scF80MbYg_7ELtGj3DoQvxTw-9_xW8QF86g</recordid><startdate>19921101</startdate><enddate>19921101</enddate><creator>ARBORELIUS, ULF P.</creator><creator>WRETENBERG, PER</creator><creator>LINDBERG, FREDRIK</creator><general>Taylor &amp; Francis Group</general><general>Taylor &amp; Francis</general><general>Taylor and Francis</general><general>Taylor &amp; Francis LLC</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ICWRT</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D91</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19921101</creationdate><title>The effects of armrests and high seat heights on lower-limb joint load and muscular activity during sitting and rising</title><author>ARBORELIUS, ULF P. ; WRETENBERG, PER ; LINDBERG, FREDRIK</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-9b1d16b4baa6b1293f1b5025b3300bed34d5a47d83c244e26ca2a72c3e3e8ce03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1992</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Ankle Joint - physiology</topic><topic>Applied physiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomechanics</topic><topic>Buttocks - physiology</topic><topic>Chairs</topic><topic>Electromyography</topic><topic>Ergonomics</topic><topic>Ergonomics. Work place. Occupational physiology</topic><topic>Hip Joint - physiology</topic><topic>Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Interior Design and Furnishings</topic><topic>Joint load</topic><topic>Knee Joint - physiology</topic><topic>Leg - physiology</topic><topic>Legs</topic><topic>Lower extremity</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Movement</topic><topic>Muscles - physiology</topic><topic>Muscular system</topic><topic>Rising</topic><topic>Sitting work posture</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Weight-Bearing - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>ARBORELIUS, ULF P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WRETENBERG, PER</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LINDBERG, FREDRIK</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 28</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - West</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segments 1-50</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access &amp; Build (Plan A) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - MEA</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics &amp; Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical &amp; Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology &amp; Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts – Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Örebro universitet</collection><jtitle>Ergonomics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>ARBORELIUS, ULF P.</au><au>WRETENBERG, PER</au><au>LINDBERG, FREDRIK</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effects of armrests and high seat heights on lower-limb joint load and muscular activity during sitting and rising</atitle><jtitle>Ergonomics</jtitle><addtitle>Ergonomics</addtitle><date>1992-11-01</date><risdate>1992</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1377</spage><epage>1391</epage><pages>1377-1391</pages><issn>0014-0139</issn><issn>1366-5847</issn><eissn>1366-5847</eissn><coden>ERGOAX</coden><abstract>The loading moment of force on the hip, knee, and ankle joints of nine healthy men rising from four different types of stools were compared, together with the levels of myoelectrical activity (EMG) in four leg muscles. Two types of stool (stand stools) had higher seats than a normal chair. The other two were of ordinary seat height, but one also had armrests. The bodyweight carried by the different stools when sitting was also measured, and the subjects estimated the effort required for each trial. The mean maximum knee moment was over 60% lower when rising from the high stool than from 'ordinary' seat height. The difference between the high and low stand stool was also significant (p&lt;0·001). Using the high stool or help of the arms reduced the mean maximum hip moment by about 50%. The mean maximum ankle moment was only marginally influenced by the different stools. Knee moment was influenced more by seat height than was hip moment. Vastus lateralis activity was significantly higher when subjects rose from 'ordinary' height than when rising from either stand stool (p&lt;0·00l). The rectus femoris muscle was little activated and the semitendinosus muscle was activated earlier when rising from higher seat heights. All subjects estimated the effort of rising from the higher stand stool to be lower than from the lower stand stool or from 'ordinary' height without arm rests. It was concluded that stand stools are good alternatives for workers who change frequently between sitting and standing work.</abstract><cop>London</cop><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Taylor &amp; Francis Group</pub><pmid>1425567</pmid><doi>10.1080/00140139208967399</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0014-0139
ispartof Ergonomics, 1992-11, Vol.35 (11), p.1377-1391
issn 0014-0139
1366-5847
1366-5847
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmed_primary_1425567
source Taylor & Francis Engineering, Computing & Technology Archive
subjects Adult
Ankle Joint - physiology
Applied physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Biomechanics
Buttocks - physiology
Chairs
Electromyography
Ergonomics
Ergonomics. Work place. Occupational physiology
Hip Joint - physiology
Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology
Humans
Interior Design and Furnishings
Joint load
Knee Joint - physiology
Leg - physiology
Legs
Lower extremity
Male
Medical sciences
Movement
Muscles - physiology
Muscular system
Rising
Sitting work posture
Space life sciences
Weight-Bearing - physiology
title The effects of armrests and high seat heights on lower-limb joint load and muscular activity during sitting and rising
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-30T20%3A27%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20effects%20of%20armrests%20and%20high%20seat%20heights%20on%20lower-limb%20joint%20load%20and%20muscular%20activity%20during%20sitting%20and%20rising&rft.jtitle=Ergonomics&rft.au=ARBORELIUS,%20ULF%20P.&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1377&rft.epage=1391&rft.pages=1377-1391&rft.issn=0014-0139&rft.eissn=1366-5847&rft.coden=ERGOAX&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080/00140139208967399&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E25639884%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-9b1d16b4baa6b1293f1b5025b3300bed34d5a47d83c244e26ca2a72c3e3e8ce03%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1301234746&rft_id=info:pmid/1425567&rfr_iscdi=true