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Host defense against bacterial keratitis
Purpose: To define factors that protect the eye from Staphylococcus aureus keratitis and limit tissue damage once keratitis occurs. Methods: Rabbit tears were analyzed for bactericidal and phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) activities on S. aureus. Inhibition by spermidine of PLA 2 anti-staphylococcal activ...
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| Published in: | Ocular immunology and inflammation 2003-09, Vol.11 (3), p.171-181 |
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| container_end_page | 181 |
| container_issue | 3 |
| container_start_page | 171 |
| container_title | Ocular immunology and inflammation |
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| creator | O&CloseCurlyQuote Callaghan, Richard J. Girgis, Dalia O. Dajcs, Joseph J. Sloop, Gregory D. |
| description | Purpose: To define factors that protect the eye from Staphylococcus aureus keratitis and limit tissue damage once keratitis occurs. Methods: Rabbit tears were analyzed for bactericidal and phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) activities on S. aureus. Inhibition by spermidine of PLA 2 anti-staphylococcal activity in tears was tested in vitro and in vivo. Rabbits immunized with heat-inactivated alpha-toxin were challenged with intrastromal injection of S. aureus. Results: Arachidonic acid was cleaved from S. aureus by purified PLA 2 or rabbit tears. Spermidine inhibited these reactions in vitro and facilitated keratitis in vivo. PLA 2 activity decreased with advanced age and shortly following sleep, but increased with keratitis. Antibody to alpha-toxin significantly reduced corneal damage and epithelial cell sloughing during keratitis. Conclusions: PLA 2 is a major host-defense component of rabbit tears. Alpha-toxin is a major mediator of corneal damage, and antibody to alpha-toxin reduces pathologic changes during keratitis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1076/ocii.11.3.171.17351 |
| format | article |
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Methods: Rabbit tears were analyzed for bactericidal and phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) activities on S. aureus. Inhibition by spermidine of PLA 2 anti-staphylococcal activity in tears was tested in vitro and in vivo. Rabbits immunized with heat-inactivated alpha-toxin were challenged with intrastromal injection of S. aureus. Results: Arachidonic acid was cleaved from S. aureus by purified PLA 2 or rabbit tears. Spermidine inhibited these reactions in vitro and facilitated keratitis in vivo. PLA 2 activity decreased with advanced age and shortly following sleep, but increased with keratitis. Antibody to alpha-toxin significantly reduced corneal damage and epithelial cell sloughing during keratitis. Conclusions: PLA 2 is a major host-defense component of rabbit tears. Alpha-toxin is a major mediator of corneal damage, and antibody to alpha-toxin reduces pathologic changes during keratitis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0927-3948</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1744-5078</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1076/ocii.11.3.171.17351</identifier><identifier>PMID: 14566643</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Informa UK Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Arachidonic Acid - metabolism ; Corneal Stroma - microbiology ; Corneal Ulcer - immunology ; Corneal Ulcer - microbiology ; Corneal Ulcer - prevention & control ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - immunology ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - prevention & control ; Immunity, Innate - physiology ; Immunization ; Phospholipases A - metabolism ; Rabbits ; Spermidine - pharmacology ; Staphylococcal Infections - immunology ; Staphylococcal Infections - prevention & control ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus aureus - physiology ; Tears - enzymology ; Type C Phospholipases - administration & dosage</subject><ispartof>Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2003-09, Vol.11 (3), p.171-181</ispartof><rights>2003 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted 2003</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-542bf9b8a267566e9e404b0b97134b76bc51625fd3a4f62f8718f94165cc4ac23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-542bf9b8a267566e9e404b0b97134b76bc51625fd3a4f62f8718f94165cc4ac23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14566643$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>O&CloseCurlyQuote;Callaghan, Richard J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Girgis, Dalia O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dajcs, Joseph J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sloop, Gregory D.</creatorcontrib><title>Host defense against bacterial keratitis</title><title>Ocular immunology and inflammation</title><addtitle>Ocul Immunol Inflamm</addtitle><description>Purpose: To define factors that protect the eye from Staphylococcus aureus keratitis and limit tissue damage once keratitis occurs. Methods: Rabbit tears were analyzed for bactericidal and phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) activities on S. aureus. Inhibition by spermidine of PLA 2 anti-staphylococcal activity in tears was tested in vitro and in vivo. Rabbits immunized with heat-inactivated alpha-toxin were challenged with intrastromal injection of S. aureus. Results: Arachidonic acid was cleaved from S. aureus by purified PLA 2 or rabbit tears. Spermidine inhibited these reactions in vitro and facilitated keratitis in vivo. PLA 2 activity decreased with advanced age and shortly following sleep, but increased with keratitis. Antibody to alpha-toxin significantly reduced corneal damage and epithelial cell sloughing during keratitis. Conclusions: PLA 2 is a major host-defense component of rabbit tears. Alpha-toxin is a major mediator of corneal damage, and antibody to alpha-toxin reduces pathologic changes during keratitis.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arachidonic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Corneal Stroma - microbiology</subject><subject>Corneal Ulcer - immunology</subject><subject>Corneal Ulcer - microbiology</subject><subject>Corneal Ulcer - prevention & control</subject><subject>Eye Infections, Bacterial - immunology</subject><subject>Eye Infections, Bacterial - prevention & control</subject><subject>Immunity, Innate - physiology</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Phospholipases A - metabolism</subject><subject>Rabbits</subject><subject>Spermidine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Staphylococcal Infections - immunology</subject><subject>Staphylococcal Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus - physiology</subject><subject>Tears - enzymology</subject><subject>Type C Phospholipases - administration & dosage</subject><issn>0927-3948</issn><issn>1744-5078</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkM1KAzEURoMotv48gSBdiZsZcyeZZLJQkKJWKLjRdcikiU2dmdRkivTtTW1B3NTFJVw49_vCQegCcA6YsxuvncsBcpIDhzSkhAM0BE5pVmJeHaIhFgXPiKDVAJ3EuMAYUyHgGA2AlowxSoboeuJjP5oZa7poRupduS7ttdK9CU41ow8TVO96F8_QkVVNNOe79xS9PT68jifZ9OXpeXw_zTSl0GclLWor6koVjKcOIwzFtMa14EBozVmtS2BFaWdEUcsKW3GorKDASq2p0gU5RVfb3GXwnysTe9m6qE3TqM74VZQciooL_D8IInUKUiaQbEEdfIzBWLkMrlVhLQHLjUm5MSkBJJHJpPwxma4ud_GrujWz35udugTcbQHXWR9a9eVDM5O9Wjc-2KA67aIk-xtu_wTMjWr6uVbByIVfhS5Z3vvDb3L9l10</recordid><startdate>20030901</startdate><enddate>20030901</enddate><creator>O&CloseCurlyQuote;Callaghan, Richard J.</creator><creator>Girgis, Dalia O.</creator><creator>Dajcs, Joseph J.</creator><creator>Sloop, Gregory D.</creator><general>Informa UK Ltd</general><general>Taylor & Francis</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20030901</creationdate><title>Host defense against bacterial keratitis</title><author>O&CloseCurlyQuote;Callaghan, Richard J. ; Girgis, Dalia O. ; Dajcs, Joseph J. ; Sloop, Gregory D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-542bf9b8a267566e9e404b0b97134b76bc51625fd3a4f62f8718f94165cc4ac23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Arachidonic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>Corneal Stroma - microbiology</topic><topic>Corneal Ulcer - immunology</topic><topic>Corneal Ulcer - microbiology</topic><topic>Corneal Ulcer - prevention & control</topic><topic>Eye Infections, Bacterial - immunology</topic><topic>Eye Infections, Bacterial - prevention & control</topic><topic>Immunity, Innate - physiology</topic><topic>Immunization</topic><topic>Phospholipases A - metabolism</topic><topic>Rabbits</topic><topic>Spermidine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Staphylococcal Infections - immunology</topic><topic>Staphylococcal Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus - physiology</topic><topic>Tears - enzymology</topic><topic>Type C Phospholipases - administration & dosage</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>O&CloseCurlyQuote;Callaghan, Richard J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Girgis, Dalia O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dajcs, Joseph J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sloop, Gregory D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Ocular immunology and inflammation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>O&CloseCurlyQuote;Callaghan, Richard J.</au><au>Girgis, Dalia O.</au><au>Dajcs, Joseph J.</au><au>Sloop, Gregory D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Host defense against bacterial keratitis</atitle><jtitle>Ocular immunology and inflammation</jtitle><addtitle>Ocul Immunol Inflamm</addtitle><date>2003-09-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>171</spage><epage>181</epage><pages>171-181</pages><issn>0927-3948</issn><eissn>1744-5078</eissn><abstract>Purpose: To define factors that protect the eye from Staphylococcus aureus keratitis and limit tissue damage once keratitis occurs. Methods: Rabbit tears were analyzed for bactericidal and phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) activities on S. aureus. Inhibition by spermidine of PLA 2 anti-staphylococcal activity in tears was tested in vitro and in vivo. Rabbits immunized with heat-inactivated alpha-toxin were challenged with intrastromal injection of S. aureus. Results: Arachidonic acid was cleaved from S. aureus by purified PLA 2 or rabbit tears. Spermidine inhibited these reactions in vitro and facilitated keratitis in vivo. PLA 2 activity decreased with advanced age and shortly following sleep, but increased with keratitis. Antibody to alpha-toxin significantly reduced corneal damage and epithelial cell sloughing during keratitis. Conclusions: PLA 2 is a major host-defense component of rabbit tears. Alpha-toxin is a major mediator of corneal damage, and antibody to alpha-toxin reduces pathologic changes during keratitis.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Informa UK Ltd</pub><pmid>14566643</pmid><doi>10.1076/ocii.11.3.171.17351</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2003-09, Vol.11 (3), p.171-181 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Taylor and Francis:Jisc Collections:Taylor and Francis Read and Publish Agreement 2024-2025:Medical Collection (Reading list) |
| subjects | Animals Arachidonic Acid - metabolism Corneal Stroma - microbiology Corneal Ulcer - immunology Corneal Ulcer - microbiology Corneal Ulcer - prevention & control Eye Infections, Bacterial - immunology Eye Infections, Bacterial - prevention & control Immunity, Innate - physiology Immunization Phospholipases A - metabolism Rabbits Spermidine - pharmacology Staphylococcal Infections - immunology Staphylococcal Infections - prevention & control Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus - physiology Tears - enzymology Type C Phospholipases - administration & dosage |
| title | Host defense against bacterial keratitis |
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